Beijing - Bắc Kinh

Beijing is the capital of People 'Republic of China and is one of the most populous cities in the world with a population of 20,693,000 in 2012.

overview

Beijing is located in North China, and is a county seat under the central government, with 14 inner-city and inner-city districts and two rural districts. Surrounding most of Beijing is Hebei province, while Tianjin borders Beijing to the southeast.

Beijing is China's second largest city in terms of urban population, after Shanghai; and is the political, cultural and educational center of China. The city is home to most of China's largest state-owned companies, and is a major transportation hub for China's national highway, highway, railway and high-speed rail systems. Beijing Capital International Airport is the second busiest airport in the world by number of passengers.

The history of the city goes back three millennia. As the last of China's four great ancient capitals, Beijing has been the political center of the country for most of the past seven centuries. The city is famous for its opulent palaces, temples, gardens, tombs, walls and gates, along with its art treasures and universities that have transformed Beijing into a center of culture and art in China. Only a few cities in the world have been the political and cultural centers of such a large region for so long.

Counties

Beijing has 14 districts and 2 districts. On July 1, 2010, Sung Van and Tuyen Vu areas were merged into Dong Thanh and Tay Thanh areas, respectively.

Central district and inner city district

The four central districts are located inside or just off the second ring road. This is the location of the old city wall of Beijing and where you will find most of the attractions and good dining and entertainment options. The counties are:

The next four zones are also quite close to the center. These districts are often referred to as inner-city suburban areas. In these districts you'll find West Hill colleges, Olympic venues, business and embassies areas, entertainment and bars, and the arts district. The districts are:

Beijing countryside and suburban districts

The remaining ten districts and districts are located quite far from the center.

History

Geography

Beijing is located on low and flat land, with elevations usually between 40-60m above sea level. The highest point in the ancient citadel is the peak of Canh Son with an altitude of 88.35 m, from here you can see the entire Forbidden City. The peak of Wanshou Mountain (万寿山) in Yiheyuan has an elevation of 109 meters (358 ft). The plains from Beijing extend as far east as Shanhai on the Bohai coast and as far south as Nanjing.

To the west of Beijing is Xishan, which can be seen from the inner city on clear days. Tay Son forms the eastern ridge of Thai Hanh Son, a mountain range that runs north-south and forms the western backbone of Hebei. Xishan covers almost all of the districts of Fangshan and Montougou in the western part of the city. Donglingshan (东灵山, 2,303 meters (7,556 ft) high), a peak of Xishan on the border with Hebei, is the highest peak in Beijing. This peak is located 122 km (76 mi) from the city center. Xishan is also known for its alpine meadows and river gorges, including Shidu (十渡). The foothills of Xishan reach as far as the urban area of ​​the city, including Xiangshan (香山), a major tourist destination, and Laoshan, the site of mountain biking competitions during the 2008 Summer Olympics. .

The mountain ranges to the north of Beijing including the Badaling, the Jundushan (军都山) and the Fenghuang Ling (凤凰岭) are all part of Yanshan, running east-west, across northern Hebei province . Yen Son separates the North China Plain from the steppe and has historically important military significance. All sections of the Great Wall of Beijing are built on the Yanshan Range, with the highest elevation being 2,241 m (7,352 ft) at Hai Dashan (海坨山) on the boundary between Yanqing County and Hebei Province. .

Yanshan and Xishan met at Nankou in the Changping district in the northwest of the city. The junction forms a major fault line and subsidence valley, and the main road and rail lines that cross into the northwest of the city pass through it.

Climate

Beijing has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate, which is quite arid (Köppen climate classification Dwa), characterized by hot and humid summers influenced by the East Asian monsoon; and winters are often cold, windy and dry due to the influence of the Siberian high. In spring, Beijing can experience sandy winds from the Mongolian steppe, accompanied by rapidly warming, but often dry, temperatures. Autumn is like spring, Beijing receives a small amount of rain, but this season has dry and cold air and is short in duration. Beijing's monthly mean temperature in January is −3.7 °C, while in July it is 26.2 °C. The average annual precipitation is about 570 mm (22.4 in), with almost three-quarters occurring from June to August. Temperature extremes range from −27.4 °C to 42.6 °C. .

Cultural

Peking opera is a genre of traditional theater known throughout China. Peking opera is often hailed as one of the greatest achievements of Chinese culture. This type of theater is performed with a combination of singing, dialogue, and action according to rules involving gestures, movement, combat, and acrobatics. Peking opera is mostly performed in the ancient language, which is quite different from the current Beijing dialect.

Beijing cuisine absorbs culinary traditions from across China, of which Peking duck is perhaps the best known. Fulingu pin (茯苓夹饼) is a traditional Beijing fast food, it is a flat plate-like cake (ping) and stuffed with something made from Fuling, a type of mushroom. used in Chinese medicine. Teahouses are quite popular in Beijing.

The technology and tradition of making Jingtailan (景泰蓝) is an art feature of Beijing, and one of the most revered crafts in China. To do Canh Thai Lam, there must be meticulous and complicated processes.[58] Beijing Color Paint is also famous for the delicate and soulful patterns engraved on the surface.

In recent decades, Beijing's young residents have been drawn to the nightlife, breaking with cultural traditions that were once restricted to the upper classes.

Arrive

By air

Beijing Capital International Airport is an international airport serving the capital city of Beijing. Beijing Capital International Airport is China's busiest airport, with double-digit growth since 2003, the busiest airport Asia in terms of aircraft operations, surpassing Tokyo International Airport. In terms of passengers, this airport is the 2nd busiest Asia and was the 14th busiest in the world in 2005 with a total passenger traffic of 33,143,003, higher than Hong Kong International Airport. In 2009, this airport served 488,495 flights and 65,329,851 passengers. In 2010, the airport served 73.8 million passengers, is the largest airport in China in terms of passengers throughput, is the second airport in the world in terms of passengers throughput, only after Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport in the city Atlanta, bang Georgia, USA (with 89.3 million visitors). The airport is located 20 kilometers northeast of central Beijing.

There are direct flights between this airport and Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. Alternatively, you can connect between Hanoi or Ho Chi Minh City to Shenzhen, Taiwan nice Hong Kong then to Beijing.

By train/train

By car

By bus

By ship

Go

Beijing is one of the largest hubs in China's railway network. Eight railway lines radiate from Beijing to: Shanghai (Meridian-Huu line), Guangzhou (Meridian-Guangzhou line), Kowloon of Hong Kong (Meridian-Nine line), Harbin (Meridian-Cable line) , Baotou (Meridian-Bao), Qin Huangdao (Meridian-Qin), Thua virtue (Meridian-Vanna) and Nguyen Binh (Sutra-Nguyen). In addition, Beijing is also the starting point of high-speed railway lines: the Beijing-Shijiazhuang section opened to traffic in 2012 of the Beijing - Guangzhou - Shenzhen - Hong Kong high-speed railway, the high-speed railway Beijing - Shanghai opened to traffic in 2011, the Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway opened to traffic in 2008. Beijing's main railway stations are Beijing Railway Station- open since 1959; Beijing West Station- opened since 1996; and Beijing South Station- rebuilt as a high-speed rail station in 2008.

Beijing is connected by road to every part of China, 9 national highways and 11 national highways of China pass through Beijing. Beijing's urban traffic relies on five concentric rings around the city, in which the Forbidden City area is identified as the focal point of the ring roads. Beijing's ring roads are shaped more like a rectangle than a circle. There is no official ring road 1, ring road 2 is located in the inner city. Ring roads tend to become like highways as they extend outwards, where Ring Road 5 and Ring Road 6 are purely national highways, with only intersections with other highways. other road. The relatively underdeveloped road system has exacerbated Beijing's traffic problems. Beijing's urban layout also contributes to this.

The Beijing Metro opened in 1971, and had only two lines until line 13 began operating in 2002. Since then, the subway system has been expanded to six lines. Line 1 and Battong line, cross almost the entire urban area of ​​Beijing from east to west. Line 4 and route 5 are two north-south lines. The city has nearly 700 bus and tram lines, including three rapid bus routes.

Beijing has long been famous for the number of bicycles on its streets. However, with the increase in the number of cars, bicycle use has declined, but remains an important form of local transportation. A large number of cyclists can be seen on the streets of Beijing, and most major roads have separate bicycle lanes. Beijing has relatively flat terrain, which makes cycling convenient.

To watch

• The Forbidden City or the Forbidden City: built according to a three-ring structure, located in the center of Beijing, the Forbidden City is the largest and largest ancient wooden structure that has survived to this day in the world. world. Built in the 4th year of Yongle (Ming Dynasty), the Forbidden City has more than 600 years of history. The Palace is one of the main attractions in Beijing.
• Tiananmen Square is considered by the Chinese people as the center of the country. This is the place to witness and take place many important events of China such as the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests (also known as the Tiananmen Square Massacre). Coming to Tiananmen Square, you can visit the monument commemorating the People's hero, Mao Zedong's mausoleum, the National History Museum, and Chang'an Avenue.
• The Great Wall: Built during the Qin Dynasty, from the 5th century BC until the 16th century, the famous long wall of China, the Great Wall (thought is the Great Wall) is a work that can be considered the largest man has ever created, is a wonder built of blood and bones. At that time, the Great Wall was built to resist the invasion of foreign invaders.
• Di Hoa Vien: Di Hoa Vien has a history of over 800 years. Two prominent scenes in Di Hoa Vien are Wanshoushan and Kunming Lake. The park covers 294 acres, of which the lake occupies 220 acres. The garden is divided into 3 areas. The main administrative area is Nhan Tho Dien - where Tu Hy received mandarins and handled national affairs. The resort includes electricity and flower gardens. And finally the landscape area.
• Olympic Stadium or Bird's Nest Stadium: Started construction in 2001, Beijing Olympic Stadium is known as the "Bird's Nest" stadium due to its unique design. This is a large Chinese building built for the Olympics with a total floor area of ​​more than 250000 square meters, and can accommodate up to 91,000 people. Coming to Beijing, visitors should not miss the opportunity to visit this place to admire one of the largest constructions for the Beijing Olympics in the world.

Do

Learn

LearnChinese

When you want to learn Chinese in Beijing you can enroll in a University or a Language School.

Chinese schools in Beijing:

• Gateway Academy Beijing Běijīng Wǎngguān Xuéxiao
• Chinese LTL Email address: [email protected], phone: 86 (0) 21 3368 0866

Hutong School Shanghai Phone: ( 86) 10 6403 8670

Work

Buy

Eat

To drink

Sleep

Safe

Medical

Contact

• Vietnam, 32 Guanghua Lu, ☎ 86 010-65321155, fax: 86 010-65325720.  
• UK, 11 Guanghua Lu, ☎ 86 010-5192 4000, fax: 86 010-6532 1937.  
• USA, 3 Xiushui Beijie, ☎ 86 010-65323831, fax: 86 010-65323431, email: [email protected]. American Citizen Services M Tu Th F 08:30-12:00, 14:00-16:00, W 08:30-12:00, closed American and Chinese holidays.  
• Czech Republic, Guangqumen Outer St, ☎010-65326902NOCC.  

Next point

• Tianjin
• Mongolia
• Xi'an
• Guangzhou
• Shanghai
• Wuhan

Wikipedia has articles about Beijing