Russia - Nga

Russia, current national name is Russia is a country in the northern part of Eurasia (Europe and Europe). Russia is a semi-presidential republic, consisting of 83 federal entities. Russia borders with the following countries (from northwest to southeast): Norway, Finland, Estonian, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijani, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, and North Korea. The country also has a maritime border with Japan (via the Sea of ​​Okhotsk) and USA (via the Bering Strait). With an area of ​​17,075,400 km2Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-ninth of the Earth's continent. Russia is also the ninth most populous country in the world with 142 million people. This country spans the entire northern part Asia and 40% Europe, covering 11 time zones and possessing a variety of environments and terrains. Russia has the world's largest mineral and energy reserves, and is considered an energy superpower. The country has the largest forest reserves in the world, and Russia's lakes contain approximately a quarter of the world's unfrozen fresh water.

overview

History

The history of Russia begins with the history of the East Slavs. The first East Slavic state, Kiev Russia, accepted the introduction of Christianity from the Byzantine Empire in 988, initiating the fusion of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that established Russian culture in the Middle East. the next thousand years. Kiev Russia quickly disintegrated as a State, finally surrendering to Mongol invaders in the 1230s. During this time, several local leaders, especially Novgorod and Pskov , fought to inherit the cultural and political heritage of Kiev Russia.

After the 13th century, Moscow gradually became a cultural center. By the 18th century, the Grand Duchy of Moscow had become the vast Russian Empire, stretching from Poland eastward to the Pacific Ocean. The westward expansion further made Russia aware of its difference from much of the rest of Europe and broke the isolation that occurred in the early stages of expansion. At this time, there was Tsar Peter the Great, who abolished a backward, half-Asian Russia, and carried out a great cause of national renewal. Queens Anna, Elizaveta Petrovna and Ekaterina II all ascended the throne with coups supported by the Kingsguard. With the policy of expansion and development of the country's strength, the tsarist court destroyed the existing threat from the Kingdom of Sweden and the Ottoman Turkish Empire. Successive dynasties in the 19th century responded to those pressures with a combination of reluctant and repressive reforms. Russian serfdom was abolished in 1861, but this abolition really only added to the annoyance of the peasants and increased revolutionary pressure. Between the abolition of serfdom and the start of World War I in 1914, the Stolypin reforms, the 1906 constitution, and the State Duma brought about significant changes to the economy. economic and political Russia, but the Russian emperors still did not want to give up absolute power, or share power.

The Russian Revolution of 1917 was triggered by a combination of economic disintegration, war exhaustion, and discontent with the autocratic system of government, and for the first time an alliance between the liberals and moderate socialists came to power, but their misguided policies led the Bolshevik Communists to seize power on October 25 (Julius calendar, November 7 according to the Gregorian calendar). ). From 1922 to 1991, the history of Russia was primarily the History of the Soviet Union, a purely ideological state composed of the neighboring states of the Russian Empire before the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. However, the approach to the construction of socialism differs from time to time in the history of the Soviet Union, from the mixed economy and diverse society and culture of the 1920s to the command economy. and repression from the Stalin era to the "period of stagnation" of the 1980s. From its earliest years, the Soviet government had been based on the one-party foundation of the Communists, as the Bolsheviks called themselves, since March. 1918. However, by the end of the 1980s, when the weakness of economic and political structures had become acute, the communist leaders instituted major reforms, which led to the collapse of the Communist Party. Soviet Union.

The history of the Russian Federation is quite short, starting only with the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Since its independence, Russia has been recognized as the official successor state of the Soviet Union in the international arena. However, Russia has lost its superpower status and is facing challenges in its efforts to establish a post-Soviet political and economic system. Removing the centrally planned economy and state ownership of the Soviet era, Russia is trying to build an economy with elements of the capital market, with sometimes severe consequences. . Even today Russia still has many cultural and social features of the tsarist and Soviet eras.

Geography

The Russian Federation stretches across the northern part of the Eurasian supercontinent. Although Russia occupies most of the arctic and sub-arctic regions, it has less population, economic activity, and physical diversity per unit area than most other regions. The large area in the southern part of this region has a more diverse landscape and climate. Much of Russia's land is the vast plains, in both Europe and Asia, known as Siberia. These plains are mainly steppe to the south and jungle to the north, with tundra (tundra) along the northern coast. The mountain ranges are mainly located on the southern border, such as the Caucasus (where Elbrus is the highest point in Russia and Europe at 5,633 m) and the Altai Mountains, as well as in the eastern part, such as the Verkhoyansk range or the volcanoes on Kamchatka. The Ural Range, which is a mountain range running north-south, creating the basic division between Europe and Asia is also a famous mountain range.

Russia has a coastline of more than 37,000 km along the Arctic and Pacific Oceans, as well as along more or less inland seas such as the Baltic, Black and Caspian seas. Some of the smaller seas are parts of oceans such as the Barents Sea, the White Sea, the Kara Sea, the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea which are parts of the Arctic Ocean, while seas such as the Bering Sea, the Sea of ​​Okhotsk and the Sea of ​​Japan The copy belongs to the Pacific. The main islands include Novaya Zemlya, Cape Franz-Josef, the New Siberian Islands, Wrangel Island, the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin. Many rivers flow through Russia. The main lakes include Lake Bailkal, Lake Ladoga, the Caspian Sea and Lake Onega. See List of lakes in Russia.

Climate

The climate of the Russian Federation is formed under the influence of many determining factors. The large area of ​​the country and the remoteness of many regions from the sea lead to a humid continental and subarctic climate pattern, which is common in Europe and Asia of Russia with the exception of the tundra and the extreme southeastern region. The mountain ranges to the south block out warm air masses from the Indian Ocean, while the western and northern plains cause the country to expand with influences from the Arctic and Atlantic.

A birch forest in Siberia, Novosibirsk Oblast. The birch is Russia's national tree. There are only two distinct seasons throughout most of the territory — winter and summer, spring and autumn usually just short periods of change between extreme low and extreme weather. The coldest month is January (February on the coast), the warmest month is usually July. Large temperature differences are common. In winter, temperatures cool down both from the south to the north and from the west to the east. Summers can be quite hot and humid, even in Siberia. A small part of the Black Sea coast around Sochi has a subtropical climate. The inland regions are the driest.

Region

City

• Moscow (Москва) - the capital of Russia is one of the largest cities in the world and has endless attractions to offer an adventurous traveler
• Irkutsk (Иркутск) - the world's favorite Siberian city, located within an hour of Lake Baikal above Trans-Siberian Railway
• Kazan (Казань) - the capital of Tatar culture is a fascinating city in the heart of Volga region with an impressive Kremlin
• Nizhny Novgorod (Нижний Новгород) - often overlooked despite being one of the largest cities in Russia, Nizhny Novgorod is well worth a visit for the kremlin, Sakharov museum, and its proximity to Makaryev Monastery
• Saint Petersburg (Санкт-Петербург) - Russia's former political and cultural capital is home to the Hermitage, one of the world's best museums, while the city center is an open-air museum that lives up to its true it, making this city one of the top tourist destinations in the world
• Sochi (Сочи) - Russia's favorite Black Sea beach resort was once unknown to most foreign tourists, but became familiar to foreign visitors after hosting the Winter Olympic Games 2014
• Vladivostok (Владивосток) - often referred to (somewhat ironically) as "San Francisco of Russia" filled with hilly roads and battleships, this is the Russian Pacific city itself and the terminus of Trans-Siberian Railway
• Volgograd (Волгоград) - formerly Stalingrad, the scene of perhaps the decisive battle of World War II, and now has a large war memorial
• Yekaterinburg (Екатеринбург) - the center of the Urals region and one of the main cultural centers of Russia as a stop on the route Trans-Siberian Railway and a destination for visitors to come Urals, the second financial center of Russia

Other destinations

• Borders of Europe and Asia - it is clearly defined in Yekaterinburg, and a very popular stop for image ops spanning continents!
• Dombai - while not internationally famous nor well-preserved to this day, it is the most beautiful mountain resort area of North Caucasus.
• Golden Ring - a popular loop of beautiful historic cities and towns forming a loop around Moscow.
• Kamchatka - active volcano area, geysers, mineral springs and street walking bears.
• Kizhi - one of the most precious sites in all of Russia, the island of Kizhi on Lake Onega is famous for its spectacular ensemble of traditional wooden churches.
• Komi pristine forest - remote, and difficult to access, but this is because Europe's largest wilderness area to date, contains Russia's largest national park, Yugyd Va
• Lake Baikal - is the "jewel of Siberia" which is the deepest and largest lake in the world by volume and a remarkable destination for all those who love the outdoors.
• Mamaev Kurgan - a large monument and museum on and about the battlefield when the most important battle of the twentieth century took place: Stalingrad.
• Solovetsky Island - far north in the White Sea and home to the beautiful Solovetsky Monastery, which has served as both a military fortress and a Gulag throughout its tortuous history.

Arrive

Visa

Citizens of the Commonwealth of Independent States, Argentina (90 days), Bosnia and Herzegovina (90 days), Brazil (90 days), Chile (90 days), Colombia (90 days), Croatia (3 months, invitation required), Cuba (30 days), Hong Kong (14 days), Israel (90 days), Macedonia (90 days), Montenegro (90 days), Nicaragua (90 days), Peru (90 days), Serbia (30 days, biometric passport only) [1], Thailand (30 days), Turkey (30 days), Venezuela (90 days) all visa-free. Citizens of other countries must have a visa.

Transit through Moscow Sheremetyevo airport [2], Moscow Domodedovo or Yekaterinburg Koltsovo do not require a transit visa, provided the traveler has a confirmed onward flight, remains in the airport for no more than 24 hours and is no transit to or from Belarus and Kazakhstan (travel to and from these countries uses domestic terminals). Passing through St Petersburg Pulkovo airport need a transit visa (or other). Visas can, in some cases, be obtained from consular officers at airports. The visa-free regime is available to visitors from all countries for the duration of 2018 FIFA World Cup, will be held in Russia.

For those who need a visa, the complexity of the process depends on the type of visa. The 30-day tourist visa is pretty simple to get; 90 day (and more) business visa, is more complicated. September 9, 2012, Russia and the United States signed an agreement [3] to simplify visa requirements. Pursuant to the agreement, U.S. citizens are eligible for 3-year multiple-entry business, along with/native, humanitarian visas and private tourism.

1. Receive an invitation

The type of invitation determines the issuance of the visa. A tourist invitation yields a tourist visa, a private visit invites a visit visa, etc. Except for tourist visas, invitations are official documents of Russian government agencies and must be submitted by the person or organization inviting you.

Any invitation will include the intended date of travel and the number of items required (1, 2 or multiple entries). The day, month, according to the invitation determines the validity period of the next visa. If in doubt of the date, make sure the invitation covers a longer period than the intended stay: a tourist visa valid for 7 days has the same fee as a validity for 30 days.

Given the possibility you have to buy your invitation, consider carefully for the best seller globally: all offers coming from Russia and the companies it gives you will have a chance. headquarters in Russia. It makes no difference whether its website is based in Germany, UK, USA or Swaziland. Many embassies and consulates only require a copy of the invitation, however this is not always the case so check with the embassy or consulate in advance. If an original invitation is required, it must be sent from Russia. This only applies to visas that generally require the application to be made in the applicant's home country.

By air

Moscow and Saint Petersburg are served by direct flights from most European capitals, and Moscow also has direct flights from many cities in East Asia, South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and North America. Non-stop US flights from USA to Russia are provided by Singapore (from Houston to Moscow, Domodedovo), Delta (from New York and Atlanta to Moscow Sheremetyevo), United Airlines (from Washington to Moscow Domodedovo) and Aeroflot (from New York). York, Washington and Los Angeles to Moscow, Sheremeryevo). There are also nonstop routes offered from Toronto and Montreal, Canada to Moscow, Domodedovo operated by Transaero.

There are three international airports in Moscow: Sheremetyevo IATA : SVO in the northwest, Domodedovo IATA : DME in the south and Vnukovo IATA : VKO in the southwest. While each has a high speed rail connection (320 RUB) to a main train station in the city, each station is quite far apart which makes traveling between airports quite difficult, thus giving Allow several hours between flights from different airports. A public taxi between the airports should cost about 1500 rubles (be prepared to negotiate hard). Public transport costs range from around 200 rubles for buses to just under 700 rubles for aeroexpress trains. The system is easy to use friendly so don't expect an easy, convenient or quick transfer.

Sheremetyevo Airport, which was significantly expanded in 2010, has five terminals in two clusters. Terminals B (former Sheremetyevo-1) and C form the Northern cluster and provide mainly domestic and charter services. The new terminals D and E, together with the old terminals F (old Sheremetyevo-2, built for the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games), form the southern clusters and serve international flights, mainly allied SkyTeam, and also Aeroflot domestic flights.

Domodedovo is a high-class modern airport with a single spacious terminal. It serves both domestic and international flights by most Russian and international companies, so you'd be better off choosing flights bound for it.

Vnukovo is a smaller airport and is usually operated by low-cost airlines. As of March 2012, it underwent a major renovation with a new spacious terminal building. There are airports in major cities in Russia. Some international services can be found in: Novosibirsk, Sochi, Vladivostok, Kaliningrad, Ekaterinburg. International service to other destinations is much more limited.

By car

By bus

By boat

Go

By train

Due to the large size of the country, and poor road safety, the best way to get across the country quickly is by train. Russia has a long railway network connecting every city and town. For intercity travel, the train is often the most convenient option for trips that can be covered overnight. Although the accommodation may not be the best, Russian trains have dedicated, attentive and polite staff. As a longer trip option (many Russians often commute between cities for 2 days or more), it's mostly up to you to appreciate the nuances and experiences of train travel in Russia. For the complete Russian rail experience, the week-long Trans-Siberian Railway is for you.

Russian trains are divided into 2 types: Long distance trains (дальнего следования) usually travel more than 4 hours or for 200 kilometers (120 miles). See timetables for long distance trains at: [4][5][6][7][8]. And the second type is the close distance connected by many neighboring trains (пригородные), commonly known as электрички. Many train stations (железнодорожный вокзал) have ticket gates for train travelers.

By bike

Transport of a bicycle in a carriage is allowed for one ticket under the condition of being folded/dismantled and clean. Usually the bike is taken off its wheels and pedals, put into a bag and stored on a shelf which is preferable in transporting the Platzkart. Other class wagons have less space or shelves and bikes should be more compact.

Language

Russia's 160 ethnic groups speak about 100 languages. According to the 2002 census, 142.6 million people speak Russian, followed by Tatar with 5.3 million and Ukrainian with 1.8 million. Russian is the sole official language of the state, but the Constitution grants the separate republics the right to make their native languages ​​co-official alongside Russian. Despite the strong dispersion, Russian is homogeneous throughout all of Russia. Russian is the most spoken language by geographical area on the Eurasian continent and is also the most spoken Slavic language. Russian belongs to the Indo-European family and is one of the extant members of the East Slavic languages; other languages ​​including Belarusian and Ukraine (and perhaps Rusyn as well). Examples of texts using the Old East Slavic script (Old Russia) are shown to date from the 10th century onwards.

According to Russians, more than a quarter of the world's scientific work is published in Russian. Russian is also used as the world's civilized storage and encryption tool—60–70% of all information in the world is published in English and Russian. Russian is also one of the six official languages ​​of the United Nations.

Shopping

Russia is also a famous commercial center in the world. It also gathers most of the famous fashion brands. These brands can be fashion, cosmetic or personal consumption goods. Brands commonly found in Russia include shoes, clothing, or natural cosmetics. Tourists can completely trust the quality of well-known brands in Russia. The system of modern commercial centers is constantly being built and expanded to meet the needs of tourists and locals. In addition to building more modern shopping centers, Russia is also interested in the quality and variety of items. The price side is also interested by manufacturers. Coming to Russia, it is not difficult for tourists to find souvenirs for friends and relatives or for their own journeys. Souvenir shops are also interested in developing in Russia. Visitors can find them at large shopping centers or at shopping centers specializing in souvenirs. And the fastest is that visitors can find these items right at places that visitors can visit. Buying and selling in Russia is not difficult, the owner is also friendly and enthusiastic to introduce. However, visitors should also be cautious and observe carefully when shopping.

Expense

Eat

Food plays a very important role in Russian society. Western influences are having a significant impact on people's eating habits and palates, as McDonald's becomes rampant, and coffee-style cafes grow. Paris appeared on the streets of Moscow or Saint-Petersburg. However, traditional dishes and Russian specialties such as vodka or "karavai" bread retain their importance in large Russian parties or celebrations. Russians and Westerners don't eat rice, but they still have rice. In supermarkets, they sell small bags of rice of about 1 kg, not as rich as in Vietnam. Russians also have three meals. In the morning they will have a light meal like porridge or rice with fish and a cup of coffee. Lunch is their main meal, there will definitely be soup (soup), the main dish is stir-fried meat with vegetables…, the side dish is salad. Bữa tối người Nga thường ăn nhẹ như cháo, khoai tây nghiền và nước uống thường là trà xanh (thực đơn trong mỗi gia đình sẽ có sự khác nhau)

Vào mùa đông, nhiệt độ có thể xuống tới -20 °C tại thủ đô Moscow, vì thế, các thức ăn béo, giàu năng lượng như bánh mì, trứng, bơ hay sữa là rất cần thiết. Ngoài ra còn có những món đặc sản đặc biệt như schi (súp thịt bò và rau cải) hay borssh (súp củ cải đỏ với thịt lợn). Đôi khi người ta cũng ăn khoai tây nghiền, rán vào cuối bữa hoặc bliny, một loại bánh kếp ăn kèm với mật ong hoặc trứng cá. Ngoài thức ăn, người Nga còn có nhiều đồ uống nổi tiếng trên thế giới như rượu vodka thường được làm từ lúa mạch đen hay lúa mỳ. Đôi khi nó còn được pha thêm tiêu, dâu hay chanh. Một đồ uống nổi tiếng khác là sbiten, được làm từ mật ong và thêm một chút hương liệu khác như dâu. Chè cũng là một thứ đồ uống nổi tiếng khác. Nó là một loại đồ uống truyền thống và đôi khi cũng được uống kèm sữa.

Drinks

Một trong những món đồ uống nổi tiếng nhất của nga là Vodka. Vodka nguyên là thứ rượu có nguồn gốc từ một số nước Eastern Europe nhất là Nga, Poland and Lithuania. Nó cũng có truyền thống lâu đời ở Bắc Âu. Các khu vực này thường được gọi là vùng Vodka (Vodka Belt) không chỉ vì Vodka có nguồn gốc ở đây mà còn vì đây là nơi sản xuất và tiêu thụ vodka nhiều nhất thế giới. Ở Nga có hẳn một bảo tàng về vodka.

Accommodation

Learn

Nền giáo dục của nước Nga đã có lịch sử hàng ngàn năm, có truyền thống tốt đẹp và có tín nhiệm quốc tế rất cao. Trong các trường Đại học Nga có tới 600 vạn giáo viên, nhân viên nghiên cứu và học sinh đang ở tại trường. Nước Nga hiện có trên 700 trường Đại học, học viện và các cơ cấu giáo dục khác. Hệ thống giáo dục còn bao gồm gần 800 cơ quan nghiên cứu, phòng thiết kế thí nghiệm và những xí nghiệp do nhà trường xây dựng. Một trong những điểm thu hút sinh viên quốc tế sang học tập ở Nga là bởi chất lượng đào tạo cực kì ổn, mà mức học phí tầm khoảng 2.500 – 3.500 USD một năm, thấp hơn nhiều so với học tập tại các nước Châu Âu khác. Chưa kể, học viên có thể giành được học bổng toàn phần khi chọn nước này là nơi du học nữa đấy. chính sách về giáo dục của Chính phủ Nga luôn được ưu tiên, ngoài ra, một yếu tố tác động không nhỏ vào giá học phí ở đây là do trượt giá đồng rub vào năm 2015 vừa qua, với chính sách ưu tiên về giáo dục nên hầu như toàn Liên bang không hề tăng học phí, trong khi tỷ giá giữa đồng rub/usd ngày một cách xa.

Học sinh muốn du học tại Nga, nhất thiết sẽ phải trải qua một năm học dự bị môn tiếng và sau đó là 4 năm Đại học. Các ngành đào tạo cực tốt ở Nga là: Ngoại ngữ, Luật học, Báo chí, Kinh tế, Dầu khí, Kĩ thuật, Điện tử… Trước giờ, học viên đi du học các ngành xã hội hay đặc biệt là Kinh tế luôn có mốt đi học ở Mỹ, Anh, Úc thì nay, với sự trỗi dậy của nền kinh tế Nga, vượt qua khủng hoảng và cấm vận một cách xuất sắc việc du học sinh Việt Nam đang quan tâm và lựa chọn nhiều hơn để đi du học Nga. Một tin vui cho những bạn nào trót yêu nước Nga là không hề khó để đặt chân tới đây. Hàng năm, trong khuôn khổ hợp tác giáo dục giữa 2 nước Nga – Việt mở ra hàng trăm học bổng từ toàn phần đến bán phần cho các sinh viên nước ta.

Cơ hội vẫn còn tiếp tục mở ra nếu trong trường hợp số điểm cuối kì của bạn chưa đủ để được xét học bổng, thì vào khoảng tháng 3, bạn có thể đăng kí tham dự kì thi Olympic tại Du học Nga hoặc qua trung tâm văn hóa Nga. Tại đó, bạn sẽ được tham gia vòng thi viết và nói, bạn hoàn toàn có thể rinh giải và giành ngay một suất học bổng 100% chuyên ngành Ngôn ngữ tại phân viện Puskin-Moscow. Đây cũng là cơ hội cho những học sinh muốn theo học tiếng Nga. Ngoài ra, nếu học sinh nào học lực không được tốt lắm (dưới 7.0/10) thì bạn vẫn có cơ hội nhận một suất học bổng bán phần du học Nga đấy, Chính phủ Nga có rất nhiều suất học bổng du học Nga 2017 dành cho học sinh, sinh viên Việt Nam hỗ trợ từ 60-85% chi phí, mà thủ tục thì rất đơn giản không hề phải thi tuyết gì luôn ấy, chỉ nộp hồ sơ và du nhập Nga.

Do

Safe

• Thời tiết ở Nga rất phức tạp. Mùa đông thường rất lạnh, kéo dài khoảng từ hai đến bốn tháng, nhiệt độ thấp nhất có thể hạ đến -28 độ C. Do vậy, hãy chuẩn bị áo quần, khăn, mũ ấm đầy đủ. Bạn không nên mua áo ấm từ nhà rồi mang sang đây vì nó không đủ độ ấm. Một chiếc áo ấm bên này giá cũng không quá đắt, chỉ từ 1500 rup/áo trở lên (xấp xỉ 900.000 đồng tiền Việt), nhưng nó sưởi ấm bạn nhiều hơn áo ấm tại Việt Nam.
• Mang theo đủ các loại thuốc cần thiết, nhất là thuốc cảm cúm, đau bụng. Vì bên này thuốc khá đắt. Bạn phải đi khám sức khỏe ở bệnh viện trước rồi mới ra hiệu thuốc mua được. Những ai mắc những căn bệnh liên quan đến thời tiết, tốt nhất nên chữa khỏi ở nhà trước khi qua đây, giả dụ như căn bệnh viêm xoang nó rất kị lạnh. Khi học thể dục ngoài trời hay đi ra ngoài trong thời tiết lạnh, bạn sẽ bị sổ mũi, đau nhức ở vùng đầu. Nếu bạn không kịp chữa trị thì hãy mang theo một chiếc khăn bản to để che được vùng mũi khi đi ra ngoài, điều đó sẽ giảm được lạnh cho mũi hơn.
• Không nên đi ra đường một mình vào đêm khuya bởi điều này rất nguy hiểm. Nước Nga đừng xảy ra một du học sinh đi chơi đêm khuya và bị du côn đánh. Nếu cần thiết, hãy đi cùng bạn bè của bạn.
• Tạo cho mình cuộc sống tự lập. Xa nhà, xa bố mẹ, không ai lo cho bạn cả, khi ốm đau bạn phải tự nấu ăn, giặt quần áo. Bởi thế, nếu muốn sống tại Nga thì bạn hãy tự làm mọi thứ nếu có thể làm được, đừng ỷ vào người khác kể cả việc học.

Medical

To respect

• Người dân nơi đây luôn coi trọng việc xếp hàng. Bởi vậy khi đi du lịch, đừng chen lấn xô đẩy khi mua bất cứ thứ gì.
• Người Nga sẽ "xa lánh" nếu bạn mang khẩu trang khi đi ngoài đường. vì họ nghĩ bạn đang mắc một căn bệnh "dễ lây lan" nào đó.
• hãy nói cảm ơn và xin lỗi thường xuyên. Có thể nhiều bạn không tin nhưng người Nga luôn nói cảm ơn khi bạn giúp họ, cho dù thứ nhỏ nhặt nhất và xin lỗi khi làm sai. Đó là phép lịch sự tối thiểu của người dân nơi đây.

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