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Thorn | ||
Voivodeship | Kuyavian Pomeranian | |
---|---|---|
Residents | 201.447 (2019) | |
height | 65 m | |
Tourist info | 48 56 621 09 30 Tourist information | |
no tourist info on Wikidata: ![]() | ||
location | ||
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Toruń(German: Thorn) is a big city on the Vistula in the polish Voivodeship Kuyavian Pomeranian in the historical Kulmer Land. It has a very worth seeing, medieval style Old town with brick Gothic buildings and has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1997. The city is mainly called Birthplace of Nicolaus Copernikus as well as for her reaching into the Middle Ages Gingerbread tradition known. She lies on the Way of the Cistercians and on European long-distance hiking trail E11. Toruń is visited by around 2.5 million tourists every year. Next Krakow Toruń is one of the few major Polish cities whose old town was barely destroyed in the Second World War, and which therefore has the highest density of listed objects preserved in their original state.
Districts
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Stare_Miasto,_widok_z_ratuszowej_wieży_w_stronę_Wisły.jpg/300px-Stare_Miasto,_widok_z_ratuszowej_wieży_w_stronę_Wisły.jpg)
- Old town
- Starotoruńskie Przedmieście
- Barbarka
- Bielany
- Bydgoskie Przedmieście
- Wrzosy
- Koniuchy
- Chełmińskie Przedmieście
- Rybaki
- Katarzynka
- Mokre
- Jakubskie Przedmieście
- Rubinkovo
- Winnica
- Grębocin nad Strugą
- Bielawy
- Well, Scarpie
- Kaszczorek
- Piaski
- Podgórz
- Glinki
- Stawki
- Rudak
- Czerniewice
background
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Torun_Merian_1641.jpg/300px-Torun_Merian_1641.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Torun_oblezenie_1655_detal_1.jpg/300px-Torun_oblezenie_1655_detal_1.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Torun_Hartknoch.jpg/300px-Torun_Hartknoch.jpg)
The area of the old town was already settled in the Stone Age. In ancient times, the place was on the Amber Road from the Gdańsk Bay across the Vistula into the Roman Empire. In the early Middle Ages there was a Slavic hill fort here. This was devastated in 1217 when the Pruzzen invaded Poland. In 1231 the city was re-founded by the Teutonic Order. In 1239 the Franciscans came to Thorn. In 1251 the old town of Thorner received the Kulmer City law. In 1255 the Thorn Ordensburg was completed. In 1263 the Dominicans came to Thorn. In 1264 the Thorner Neustadt received city rights. In 1280 Thorn joined the Hanseatic League. In 1309/11 the parish church, the Heiliggeistkirche and the Heiliggeistspital were built. The Dominican Church was added in 1320. In 1345 the Cistercian women came to Thorn. In 1351 a large part of the city was destroyed by fire. The Artus Court was built in 1385 and the town hall in 1391. The High Gothic was also created around this time Beautiful Madonna of Thorn. In 1403 the city received stacking rights. In the 14th and 15th centuries, Thorn had around 20,000 inhabitants, making it one of the largest cities north of the Alps at the end of the High Middle Ages. In 1411 the First Peace of Thorner between Poland-Lithuania and the Teutonic Order closed one year after the Battle of Grunwald. In 1440 Thorn joined the Prussian Federation against the Teutonic Order, which supported the Kingdom of Poland. In 1454 the Thorner rebelled against the Teutonic Order and the Order Castle was razed. In the same year the Polish Crown incorporated the cities of the Prussian Confederation, including Thorn. This change of area was made by the Teutonic Order in Second Peace of Thor recognized by 1466. Nicolaus Copernicus was born in Thorn in 1473. The Vistula Bridge was opened in 1500, the longest in Poland-Lithuania. In 1506 the throne rose to become a royal city and soon afterwards introduced the Reformation. In 1572 the city was hit by a devastating Vistula flood. In 1645 that became Thorner Religious Discussion guided. 1629, 1658 and 1703 the city was besieged by the Swedes. However, the last siege in particular led to the decline of the city. As a result, in 1709 a compensation signed between the Polish king and the Russian tsar. In 1724 there were religiously motivated Riots in the city. In 1751 the oldest still existing gingerbread factory was founded. In 1754 the Lutheran citizens built the baroque Church of the Holy Spirit. In 1767 the Thorner Confederation. As part of the Second Polish division Thorn came to Prussia in 1793, to the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807 and again to Prussia after the Congress of Vienna. At the beginning of the 19th century, numerous brick Gothic buildings were demolished, including the George Church. The Great Synagogue was built in 1847. In 1861 the city was connected to the railway network. The Thorn Fortress was built from 1878 onwards. After the First World War, Thorn came back to Poland and became the capital of Pomeranian Voivodeship. After the German invasion of Poland, the Great Synagogue was first destroyed by the occupiers and then the Jewish and Polish population of the city was expelled and murdered. In 1945 the Red Army occupied the city. In the same year the Nicolaus Copernicus University founded. The city was not destroyed and was able to maintain its medieval cityscape with numerous brick buildings from the Gothic period. In 1975 it became the capital of the Toruń Voivodeship. In 1992 the city became Bishopric. In 1997 the old town of Thorner was placed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Since 1999 she is next to Bydgoszcz Capital of the voivodeship Kuyavian Pomeranian. Today the city is primarily a university city, whose alma mater is named after its most famous son.
getting there
![](https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,53.0105,18.6044,422x420.png?lang=de&domain=de.wikivoyage.org&title=Toruń&groups=Maske,Track,Aktivitaet,Anderes,Anreise,Ausgehen,Aussicht,Besiedelt,Fehler,Gebiet,Kaufen,Kueche,Sehenswert,Unterkunft,aquamarinblau,cosmos,gold,hellgruen,orange,pflaumenblau,rot,silber,violett)
Toruń is an important transport hub in northern Poland.
By plane
The international 1 Bydgoszcz Airport(IATA: BZG) is located around 50 km west of Toruń. However, there are only a few connections there. The airports are more frequented Warsaw Modlin (WMI) and Poses (POZ; 180 km).
By train
The central station 2 Toruń Główny lies on the southern side of the Vistula, opposite the old town. Trains stop there eight times a day Poses (Travel time 1½ – 2 hours), Olsztyn (2–2: 40 hours) and Warsaw (around 3 hours); five times a day Łódź (2: 20-3: 20 hours); three times off Danzig (2½ hours) and Gdynia (around 3 hours). From the nearby Bydgoszcz TLK and regional trains run several times an hour and take 40–45 minutes; A regional train leaves approximately every hour Włocławek (Travel time approx. 50 minutes). Out Grudziądz regional trains run every one to two hours, the journey takes about 1:15 hours.
Of Berlin you need to switch to Poses or Bydgoszcz, approx. 5 to 5½ hours.
Regional trains also stop at the train station, which is closer to the old town 3 Toruń Miasto as in 4 Toruń Wschodni (both on the Toruń – Grudziądz line), 5 Toruń Kluczyki (Toruń – Bydgoszcz and Poznan lines) and 6 Toruń Czerniewice (Toruń – Włocławek line).
By bus
Long-distance buses and regional buses stop in the city center.
In the street
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/MostA1_powodz.jpg/220px-MostA1_powodz.jpg)
Of Poses coming the autobahn A2 leave and State roads 5 and then 15 take, or continue east along A2 and
Exit to Września take to drive into Landesstraße 15.
Of Łódź (from the south) the Danzig (from the north) the Autobahn A1 which runs immediately east of Toruń.
The Expressways S10 leads from Szczecin above Stargard, Suchań, Recz, Kalisz Pomorski, Miroslawiec, Wałcz, Piła, Miasteczko Krajeńskie, Łobżenica, Wyrzysk, Nakło nad Notecią, Ślesin, Bydgoszcz and Solec Kujawski to Toruń and further across Lipno, Plock and Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki to Wołomin/Płońsk/Warsaw.
The Landesstrasse 15 leads from Trzebnica above Milicz, Krotoszyn, Koźmin Wielkopolski, Jarocin, Mieszków, Września, Gniezno, Trzemeszno and Strzelno to Toruń and further across Brodnica, Nowe Miasto Lubawskie and Lubawa to Ostróda.
The State road 80 connects Toruń with Bydgoszcz.
The State road 91 leads from Danzig above Pruszcz Gdański, Tczew, Gniew, Nowe, Świecie, and Chełmno to Toruń and further across Włocławek, Kowal, Lubień Kujawski, Łęczyca, Ozorków, Zgierz, Łódź, Rzgów, Tuszyn, Piotrków Trybunalski, Kamieńsk, Radomsko, Czestochowa and Koziegłowy to Siewierz.
By boat
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Torun_panorama_zza_Wisly_2.jpg/220px-Torun_panorama_zza_Wisly_2.jpg)
- Excursion boats operate on the Vistula.
- In the little one 7 port there are a limited number of berths available for pleasure craft.
By bicycle
The place is on the Vistula long-distance cycle path.
On foot
The city is on the European long-distance hiking route E11.
mobility
The old town is less than a kilometer in diameter. It is very easy to explore on foot. It is best to leave the car outside of the old town with its narrow streets and pedestrian zones.
Local public transport is operated by MZK Toruń. There are five tram- and 39 bus routes.
450 rental bicycles from Stadtwerke Torvelo can be rented at a total of 45 stops. The city has a network of more than 100 km of cycle paths. There are three breakpoints that have tools for repairing bicycles.
Tourist Attractions
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Torun_Okt_2019_8.jpg/220px-Torun_Okt_2019_8.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Torun_zamek_Dybow_brama.jpg/220px-Torun_zamek_Dybow_brama.jpg)
The historic old town has been part of the UNESCO world cultural heritage.
Castles and palaces
- 1 Thorn Castle
- 2 Castle mill
- 3 Dibau Castle
- 4 Schlotterey Castle
- 5 leaning Tower
- 6 Episcopal Palace
- 7 Fenger Palace
- 8 Meissner Palace
Churches
Gothic churches
- 9 St. John's Cathedral
- 10 Marienkirche
- 11 Jakobuskirche
- 12 Holy Cross Church
- 13 Nikolauskirche. Remains received.
St. John's Cathedral
Vault
Mary Magdalene
Marienkirche
Marienkirche
Jakobuskirche
Jakobuskirche
neo-Gothic churches
- 14 Trinity Church
- 15 Stefanskirche
- 16 Katherine's Church
- 17 Protestant church
Trinity Church
Stefanskirche
Katherine's Church
Katherine's Church
Protestant church
baroque churches
- 18 Holy Spirit Church
- 19 Peter and Paul Church
Holy Spirit Church
Holy Spirit Church
Holy Spirit Church
Peter and Paul Church
Peter and Paul Church
Monasteries
- 20 Dominican monastery
- Franciscan monastery
- Jesuit monastery
- Cistercian convent
Krutzifix (Dominican monastery)
Madonna (Dominican Monastery)
Dominican monastery
Dominican monastery
Official building
- 21 Old Town Hall
- City Council Office
- 22 Main post
- Police Headquarters
- 23 Voivodeship Office
- Science society
- 24 Peter and Paul Hospital
- 25 Collegium Maximum
Old Town Hall
patio
Vault
City Council Office
Main post
Police Headquarters
Town houses
- See section on this in the article on: Thorner old town
Storage
- See section on this in the article on: Thorner old town
Weir systems
- 26 city wall
- 27 Bridge gate
- 28 Monastery gate
- 29 Sailor's Gate
- 30 Pigeon tower
- 31 Crane tower
- 32 Wall tower 30
- 33 Wall tower 60
- 34 Wall tower 26
- 35 Monstrance tower
- 36 Cat head tower
- 37 Cat head tower
city wall
Bridge gate
Monastery gate
Sailor's Gate
Pigeon tower
Crane tower
Wall tower 30
Wall tower 60
Fort of Toruń Fortress
- 38 Fort I
- 39 Fort II
- 40 Fort III
- 41 Fort IV
- 42 Fort V
- 43 Fort VI
- 44 Fort VII
- 45 Fort VIII
- 46 Fort XI
- 47 Fort X
- 48 Fort XI
- 49 Fort XII
- 50 Fort XIII
- 51 Fort XIV
- 52 Fort XV
- 53 Fort Jakob
- 54 Away from the train
- 55 Away at the bridge
Fort IV
Fort V
Fort VII
Fort XI
Fort Jakob
graveyards
- 56 Georgsfriedhof
- 57 Lutheran cemetery
- 58 Jewish Cemetery
- 59 Military cemetery
- Red Army cemetery
- 60 Peter and Paul Cemetery
- 61 Jacob's cemetery
- 62 Marienfriedhof
Tomb Anna Wasa
Georgsfriedhof
Georgsfriedhof
Peter and Paul Cemetery
Jacob's cemetery
Marienfriedhof
Parks
- 63 city Park
- 64 Valley of dreams
- 65 Zoological-Botanical Garden
- 66 Pomeranian Voivodes Park
- Alpinarium
- Jordanka Park
- Garden of the Musicians
- Park of Remembrance
- Bielawa Park
city Park
Valley of dreams
Pomeranian Voivodes Park
Alpinarium
Weichselwiesen
Monuments
- 67 Copernicus Monument
- 68 Raftsman Monument
- Gingerbread woman monument
- 69 Popiełuszko Monument
- 70 Linde monument
- 71 Piłsudski monument
- 72 John Paul II monument
- Wyszyński Monument
- Helios
- Golgotha
Copernicus Monument
Raftsman Monument
Gingerbread woman monument
Popiełuszko Monument
Piłsudski monument
Golgotha
Helios
Places
- 73 Old town market square
- 74 Neustädter Marktplatz
- Katherinenplatz
- Rapacki square
- 75 Theater square
- Philadelphia Boulevard on the Vistula
Old town market
Old town market
Old town market
Neustadt market
Streets
Old town
- 76 Wide alley
- Kulmer Gasse
- 77 Narrow alley
- Holy Spirit Alley
- Franziskaner Gasse
- Copernicus Alley
- 78 Bridges alley
- Wall alley
- Vorburg alley
- Fischer Alley
- Szczytna Alley
- Cobbler Alley
- Bad alley
- 79 Sailors Alley
Wide alley
Kulmer Gasse
Narrow alley
Wall alley
Sailors Alley
Cobbler Alley
Bad alley
Neustadt
- Hospital alley
- Jakobus Gasse
- Dominican Alley
- Hedwig Alley
- Kleine Gärbergasse
- Katherinen Gasse
- Hohe Gasse
- Gingerbread barrel
- Bach Alley
- Cloth alley
- Castle alley
- Prosowy Eck Alley
Hospital alley
Jakobus Gasse
Hedwig Alley
Kleine Gärbergasse
Katherinen Gasse
Hohe Gasse
Gingerbread Alley
bridges
- 80 Piłsudski Bridge
- 81 Malinowski Bridge
- 82 Highway bridge bridge
- 83 Zawacka Bridge
Piłsudski Bridge
Malinowski Bridge
Zawacka Bridge
activities
water sports
The Vistula is ideal for all kinds of water sports.
hike
The city is dated European long-distance hiking trail E11 crossed.
Theater, planetarium and observatory
- 84 Horzyca Theater
- 85 Musical theater
- Symphony orchestra
- 86 Puppet theater
- 87 Copernicus Planetarium
- 88 Observatory
Horzyca Theater
Music theater
Symphony orchestra
Puppet theater
Copernicus Planetarium
Observatory
Cinemas
- 89 Cinema center
- Cinema City
- Cinema City Toruń Plaza
- 90 Niebieski Kocyk
- Cinema tumult
- Diecezjalne cinema
- Arthur Art Cinema
Museums
- City museum in the town hall
- City museum in the Eskenhaus
- Copernicus Museum in the house where he was born
- 91 Diocesan Museum
- 92 Gingerbread Museum
- 93 Natural History Museum
- 94 Transport Museum
- 95 Ethnographic Museum
- Fortress Museum
Copernicus Museum
Madonna around 1400
Madonna around 1510
Ecco homo around 1520
Veronica around 1520
Crucifixion around 1520
Gothic stained glass windows from Kulm
Events
- Camerimage
- Samuel Bogumil Linde Award
Learn
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Miasteczko_Uniwersyteckie_w_Toruniu.jpg/220px-Miasteczko_Uniwersyteckie_w_Toruniu.jpg)
shop
There are large shopping centers and small mom and pop shops.
- Toruń Plaza
- Galeria Atrium Copernicus
- Center Nowe Bielawy
- Centrum Handlowe Kometa
- Galeria Wnętrz AMC
- Powszechny Dom Towarowy
Toruń Plaza
Atrium Copernicus
Nowe Bielawy
Kometa
Wnętrz AMC
Powszechny Dom Towarowy
kitchen
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Pierniki_shop_20100704_005.jpg/220px-Pierniki_shop_20100704_005.jpg)
For Polish cuisine, see the relevant section in the article Poland. Toruń is particularly as Gingerbread City known, of which the Katarzynki are probably the best known.
- Restauracja Monka
- Spichrz
- Restauracja Luizjana
- Barka Pilsner
- Kolorowy Piec
- Pizzeria da Giuseppe
- L'ANTICO FORNO
- Dom sushi
- Karczma Gęsia Szyja
- Pierogarnia Stary Toruń
- Restauracja lotus
nightlife
The nightlife of the university city is concentrated in the old town and the student city.
- Tutu Whiskey & Jazz Club
- Tratwa
- Rock station
- Krutoy Lounge
- Ground floor - Whiskey Vodka Cocktail Bar
- Kafefajka
- U Szwejka
- Cocktail bar & Cafe Lenkiewicz
- Pijalnia Wódki i Piwa
- Beczka
- PUB Spółdzielczy Toruń
accommodation
In Toruń there are accommodations of all stars and price ranges.
- 1 Hotel Copernicus (Copernicus Toruń Hotel), Bulwar Filadelfijski 11, 87-100 Toruń. Tel.: 48 56 611 57 00, Fax: 48 56 622 25 10, Email: [email protected].
- 2 Hotel Bulwar (Koszary Racławickie)
- 3 Hotel Heban (Małe Garbary 7), Małe Garbary 7.
- 4 Hotel 1231
- 5 Hotel Polonia
- 6 Hotel Spichrz (Hotel "Spichrz" in Toruniu)
- 7 Hotel under the eagle (Hotel Pod Orłem w Toruniu)
- 8 Hotel under the three crowns (Hotel "Pod Trzema Koronami" in Toruniu)
- 9 Hotel under the black rose (Rabiańska 11), Rabiańska 11.
Hotel Copernicus
Hotel Bulwar
Hotel 1231
Hotel Polonia
Hotel Spichrz
Hotel under the black rose
health
The city has six specialist university hospitals. The supply of doctors and pharmacies is very good.
Practical advice
- 1 Tourist Information Center (Ośrodek Informacji Turystycznej), Rynek Staromiejski 25, 87-100 Toruń (at the old town square). Tel.: 48 56 621 09 30, Email: [email protected].
trips
- Ciechocinek (23 km southeast)
- Inowrocław (35 km southwest)
- Bydgoszcz (45 km west; 40-45 minutes by train)
- Chełmno (45 km north)
- Włocławek (55 km southeast; 35-50 minutes by train)
- Grudziądz (65 km north; 1:10 hours by train)
literature
See article too Poland.
Web links
- http://www.torun.pl/ - Official website of Thorn