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| Location | |
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| Ensign | |
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| Basic information | |
| Capital | Saint John's |
| Goverment | constitutional monarchy with UK-style parliament |
| Currency | East Caribbean Dollar (XCD) |
| Area | 443 sq km |
| Population | 69,108 (July 2006 est.) |
| Language | English (official), local dialects |
| Religion | Christian, (predominantly Anglican with other Protestant, and some Roman Catholic) |
| Power system | 230V/60Hz (UK plug) |
| Phone number | 1268 |
| Internet TLD | .ag |
| time zone | UTC -4 |
Antigua and Barbuda[1] is an island nation in the eastern Caribbean Sea, in the region North America, On the territory Americas.
overview
Antigua and Barbuda consists of two main islands, Antigua and Barbuda. The island nation lies between the Leeward Islands, close to Trinidad and Tobago, Montserrat and Anguilla.
History
These islands were discovered by Cristoforo Colombo in 1492. The Spanish colonists were not interested in these islands because they had no resources and forced the inhabitants of these islands to the Greater Antilles to find and exploit gold.
In 1632, the British colonized these islands, bringing Black slaves from Africa to develop sugarcane plantations. Since 1674, British colonialists wanted to link these islands under British ownership, but the specificity of each island prevented this merger process. The Union of Leeward Islands was created in 1871 but was not accepted.
In 1956, the Commonwealth of the British Antilles was established, but it also failed. In 1967, the islands in the Lesser Antilles under British ownership became an associate country with Britain. In 1981, the islands gained their independence and became part of the British Bloc. Since 1999, Governor-General Beethoven Carlisle has represented the Queen of England in Antigua, as well as aide to Lester Bryant Bird, the head of government.
Power was concentrated in Antigua, but the people of Barbuda objected and often threatened to demand secession.
Geography and climate
Antigua and Barbuda is a country in Central America, in the Lesser Antilles archipelago; located to the east and southeast of the island of Puerto Rico; consists of three islands: Antigua (280 km2), Barbuda (160.5 km2) and Redonda (1.5 km2). These limestone islands have no mineral and energy resources, little fertile land, and no rivers. The beautiful beaches located in the tropical climate have become tourist attractions. Population distribution is uneven: Redonda island is uninhabited, Barbuda island has only about 2,000 people, the rest of the population is concentrated mainly in the capital city of Saint John's on Antigua island.[2] The climate is tropical and temperate. by the sea breeze. The temperature between seasons is little changed.
Politic
Antigua and Barbuda is a parliamentary democracy. The head of state is the Queen of England, represented by the Governor-General.
The head of government is the Prime Minister. Under the hereditary monarchy; Governor-General chosen by the Queen; The Prime Minister is appointed by the Governor-General. The Legislature consists of two houses: the Senate (17 seats appointed by the Governor-General) and the House of Representatives (17 seats, elected for a term of five years). The judicial branch is the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (located in Green). Luxia).
Economy
Before 1960, the economy was mainly based on sugarcane cultivation, but low prices and soil erosion made this industry unviable. Currently, tourism plays a significant role in the economy of this island nation. The textile industry and factories that assemble lines for electronic equipment are also restricted. The craft fishing industry and agriculture do not meet the domestic demand.
Tourism plays an important role in the economy, accounting for more than half of national income. Agricultural production meets domestic demand. The main industry is the re-export of petroleum and the production of electronic components.
Residential
Antigua and Barbuda has a population of 86,754, mostly of West African, British, and Portuguese descent. Ethnic distribution includes 91% black or dark skin tone, 4.4% mixed race, 1.7% Caucasian, and 2.9% predominantly Middle Eastern and Asian descent . Most white people of Irish or British descent, Christianity is the main religion of this ethnic group. People of Middle Eastern descent are predominantly Arab, and a small number of Asians and Sephardic Jews make up the rest of the population.
Behind the population resurgence of the late 20th century and the redefining of the role of the African-Antigua and Barbudas in the cultural life of society lies a long history of ethnic tensions, traditionally hate and want to exclude white people. Within the framework of the establishment of colonial rule by the British shortly after the capture of Antigua and Barbuda in 1623, it was necessary to divide the differences and carefully rank the racial/ethnic groups likely to emerge against the rule. his.
The Portuguese in Antigua and Barbuda originated with the migration of 2,500 laborers from Madeira (a Portuguese archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean, southwest of the Iberian Peninsula) between 1847 and 1852 because of a severe famine there. Many of these Portuguese people founded small businesses and joined the ranks of the skin-soaked class. The British rulers never really considered the Portuguese to be white and did not allow them into the ranks of the British.
People of Middle Eastern descent began migrating to Antigua and Barbuda in the early 20th century. Starting as traders and laborers, they quickly assimilated into Antigua and Barbuda society. Although people of Middle Eastern descent come from many different countries, the largest group is the Syrian.
People of African descent to Antigua and Barbuda due to forced slavery, people of African descent began arriving in Antigua and Barbuda in large numbers in 1670. Very quickly they developed into racial/ethnic groups largest Antigua and Barbuda.
During the 20th century, the colonial social structure gradually began to be phased out with the introduction of universal education and better economic opportunities. This process allowed blacks to rise to the highest levels of society and form government.
Saint John's ChurchIn the last decade, immigrants from the Dominican Republic, immigrants from Guyana and Spanish-speaking Dominica have added to the ethnic diversity in Antigua and Barbuda. Today, an increasing proportion of the population of Antigua and Barbuda live abroad, most notably in the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada. A small number of residents of Antigua and Barbuda are immigrants from other countries, particularly from Dominica, Guyana, Jamaica, and, increasingly, from the Dominican Republic, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Nigeria. An estimated 4,500 US citizens also make their home in Antigua and Barbuda.
Region
| Antigua a resort and main Caribbean destination. |
| Barbuda Few people, nice beach. |
| Rodonda small uninhabited island |
City
- Saint John's - is the capital city of Antigua and Barbuda, located on Antigua.
- Codrington - is a city on the island of Barbuda.
- Dickenson Bay
- English Harbor
- Falmouth
- Half Moon Bay
Other destinations
Arrive
All EU citizens can enter are not need a visa.
Citizens of the following countries can also enter without a visa:Albania, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijani, Bahamas, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Cuba, Eswatini, Dominica, hour, Georgia, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kyrgyz, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Malaysia, Malawi, Maldives, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Namibia, New Zealand, Nauru, Norway, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, Suriname, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, USA, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Zimbabwe, and nationals of British overseas territories.
If you need a visa, you must have a passport valid for at least 6 months after the time of visit, a completed application form, and 1 passport-sized photo. One entry visa single entry costs 30GBP and multiple 40GBP.
Note that if you are holding a nationality that normally requires a visa and you are entering Antigua and Barbuda as a port for a cruise ship, you do not need a visa provided the vessel will leave the day it arrives .
By air
'V.C International Airport Bird ', (IATA : ANU) (ICAO: TAPA) is located north east of Antigua in the suburbs St John's, is the country's main international airport. The airports serve flights into the United States, Canada, Europe, and other Caribbean islands.
LIAT (Leeward Islands Air Transport Services), [2] based in Antigua, has flights to various destinations in the Eastern Caribbean.
The following international airlines serve the airport:
Go to the USA: American Airlines / American Eagle (Miami and San Juan, Puerto Rico), Delta Airlines (Atlanta, GA and New York JFK), United Airlines (Newark, NJ), US Airways (Charlotte, NC)
Going to Canada: Air Canada (Toronto, Ontario)
Going to Europe: British Airways (London-Gatwick), Condor (Frankfurt, Germany), Livingstone (Milan, Italy), Virgin Atlantic (London-Gatwick)
Going to the Caribbean: American Airlines / American Eagle (San Juan, Puerto Rico), Caribbean Airlines (Barbados, Trinidad and Kingston, Jamaica)