This article lists the sites registered with World Heritage in Italy.
Understand
In 2015, theItaly has 53 World Heritage sites, including 48 cultural and 5 natural, making it the most endowed country in UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Listing
| Site | Type | Criterion | Description | Drawing | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy | Cultural | (ii) (iv) | The Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy are religious places intended for the Christian faith, groups of chapels scattered in natural environments erected between the XVIe and the XVIIe century and comprising pious artistic expressions (architecture, sculptures, paintings). Location of the nine sacred mountains. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Rock art of Valcamonica | Cultural | (iii) (vi) | The Val Camonica, located in the mountainous area of the Lombardy region, conceals one of the densest sets of prehistoric petroglyphs - more than 140,000 characters and figures, which were carved into the rock for more than 8,000 years. | .jpg/150px-Armato_-_Seradina_R_12_-_Capo_di_Ponte_(Foto_Luca_Giarelli).jpg) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 Assisi, the Basilica of Saint Francis and other Franciscan sites | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (vi) | Assisi, a medieval town built on a hill, is the birthplace of Saint Francis and is closely associated with the work of the Franciscan Order. Its masterpieces of medieval art - Basilica of St. Francis and paintings by Cimabue, Pietro Lorenzetti, Simone Martini and Giotto - made Assisi a fundamental reference in the artistic and architectural development of Italy and of Italy. Europe. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Castel del Monte | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) | The location of this castle, the mathematical and astronomical rigor of its plan, the perfection of its form demonstrate the symbolic ambition that animated Emperor Frederick II when he built it near Bari, in southern Italy, in the 13th century. century. Unique example in medieval military architecture, Castel del Monte is the perfect fusion of Classical Antiquity, the Muslim East and the Cistercian Gothic of Northern Europe. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Cathedral, Torre Civica and Piazza Grande | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) | The magnificent 12th-century Modena Cathedral, the work of two great artists, Lanfranco and Wiligelmo, is a supreme example of the beginnings of Romanesque art. With the square and the slender tower associated with it, it bears witness to the strength of the faith of its builders and the power of the Canossa dynasty, its sponsors. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 Florence historic center | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (vi) | Built on an Etruscan site, Florence, a symbol of the Renaissance, played a major economic and cultural role under the Medici in the 15th and 16th centuries. Its six centuries of extraordinary artistic creativity are above all illustrated in its 13th century cathedral, Santa Maria del Fiore, Santa Croce Church, Uffizi Palace and Pitti Palace which are the work of artists like Giotto, Brunelleschi, Botticelli and Michelangelo. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 Historic center of the city of Pienza | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iv) | It was in this Tuscan city that Renaissance town planning concepts were first applied, following the decision taken by Pope Pius II, in 1459, to transform his birthplace and to entrust this work to Bernardo Rossellino. . He put into practice the principles of his master Leon Battista Alberti and built the extraordinary Piazza Pius-II, around which rise the Piccolomini Palace, the Borgia Palace and the cathedral with a purely Renaissance appearance but whose interior is inspired by the late Gothic of churches in southern Germany. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 7 Naples historic center | Cultural | (ii) (iv) | From the Neapolis founded by Greek colonists in 470 BC. AD in the city of today, Naples has retained the imprint of cultures that have appeared in turn in the Mediterranean basin and in Europe. This makes it a unique site with remarkable monuments such as the Church of Santa Chiara or Castel Nuovo, to name just two. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 8 Historic center of Rome, the properties of the Holy See located in this city benefiting from the rights of extra-territoriality and Saint-Paul-hors-les-Murs | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (vi) | Founded according to legend by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC. The city of Rome was first the center of the Roman Republic, then the Roman Empire, and finally the capital of the Christian world in the 4th century AD. The World Heritage Site, extended in 1990 to the walls of Urban VIII, features some of the main monuments of antiquity such as the Forums and Mausoleum of Augustus, the Columns of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius, the Hadrian's Mausoleum, the Pantheon, as well as the religious and public buildings of papal Rome. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 9 Historic center of San Gimignano | Cultural | (i) (iii) (iv) | The town of San Gimignano delle belle Torri is located in Tuscany, at 56 km south of Florence. It was an important relay point for pilgrims traveling to and from Rome via the Via Francigena. The noble families who controlled the city had built some 72 tower houses (up to 50 m in height), symbols of their wealth and power. Only 14 of these towers remain, but San Gimignano has retained its feudal atmosphere and appearance. The city also harbors masterpieces of Italian art from the 14th and 15th centuries. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 10 Historic center of Siena | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iv) | Siena is the embodiment of the medieval city. Transposing their rivalry with Florence to the urban plan, its inhabitants have over time pursued a Gothic dream and have retained in their city the aspect acquired between the 12th and 15th centuries. At that time, Duccio, the Lorenzetti brothers and Simone Martini were forging the paths of Italian and, more broadly, European art. The entire city, built around Piazza del Campo, was conceived as a work of art integrated into the surrounding landscape. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 11 Historic Center of Urbino | Cultural | (ii) (iv) | Urbino, a small hilltop town in the Marche region, experienced astonishing cultural prosperity in the 15th century, attracting artists and scholars from all over Italy and beyond and in turn influencing the development of other regions of Europe. An economic and cultural stagnation that began in the 16th century has ensured an exceptional preservation of the appearance it had in the Renaissance. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 12 Rhaetian Railway in the landscapes of the Albula and Bernina | Cultural | (ii) (iv) | The Rhaetian Railway in the Albula and Bernina Landscape unites two historic railway lines that cross the Swiss Alps at two passes. Opened in 1904, the Albula line, in the north of the northwestern part of the site, forms 67 km long. It has an impressive set of structures with 42 tunnels and covered galleries and 144 viaducts and bridges. The 61 km of the Bernina line total 13 tunnels and galleries as well as 52 viaducts and bridges. The property shows an exemplary use of the railway to open up the central Alps at the beginning of the 20th century; these two railway lines have had a lasting socio-economic impact on mountain life. The two lines present an exceptional technical, architectural and environmental ensemble. They embody architectural and civil engineering achievements in harmony with the landscapes they cross. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 13 Amalfi coast | Cultural | (ii) (iv) (v) | The Amalfi coastal strip is of great natural beauty. It has been intensively populated since the beginning of the Middle Ages. It has a number of towns such as Amalfi and Ravello which are home to particularly remarkable architectural and artistic works. Its rural areas testify to the adaptability of its inhabitants who have taken advantage of the diversity of the land to cultivate it, from vineyards and orchards in terraces on the low slopes, to the great pastures of the highlands. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 14 Crespi d'Adda | Cultural | (iv) (v) | Crespi d'Adda, in Capriate San Gervasio in Lombardy, is an exceptional example of these 19th and 20th century “working villages” in Europe and the United States. They were built by enlightened industrialists eager to meet the needs of their workers. The site has remained remarkably intact and has partially retained its industrial use, but changing economic and social conditions pose a threat to its survival. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 15 Ferrara, city of the Renaissance, and its Po delta | Cultural | (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) | Born around a ford on the Po, Ferrara became, in the 15th and 16th centuries, an intellectual and artistic center attracting the greatest artists and minds of the Italian Renaissance. Piero della Francesca, Jacopo Bellini and Andrea Mantegna decorated the palaces of the house of Este. Humanist conceptions of the ideal city took shape here in the neighborhoods built, from 1492, by Biagio Rossetti according to the new principles of perspective. This achievement marked the birth of modern town planning and its subsequent development. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 16 The Strade Nuove and the palace system of the Rolli of Genoa | Cultural | (ii) (iv) | The Strade Nuove and the Rolli palace system in the historic center of Genoa date from the late 16th and early 17th centuries. The site represents the first example in Europe of an urban development project put together by a public authority within a unitary framework and associated with a particular system of public accommodation in private residences as decreed by the Senate in 1576 when the Republic of Genoa was at the height of its financial and maritime power. The site includes a set of Renaissance and Baroque palaces bordering the “new streets” (Strade Nuove). The Palazzi offer an extraordinary variety of different solutions, they have a universal value by their adaptation to the particular characteristics of the site and to the requirements of a specific economic and social organization. They are also an original example of a public system of private residences that were required to accommodate state visitors. | _9.jpg/150px-Palazzo_Doria_Tursi_(Genova)_9.jpg) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 17 Padua Botanical Garden (Orto botanico) | Cultural | (ii) (iii) | The world's first botanical garden was established in Padua in 1545. It has retained its original plan - a circular walled garden, symbol of the world, surrounded by a ribbon of water. Subsequently, new elements were added, both architectural (monumental entrances and balustrades) and practical (pumping installation and greenhouses). It continues, as in the past, to inspire scientific research. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 18 The Dominican Church and Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with "The Last Supper" by Leonardo da Vinci | Cultural | (i) (ii) | An integral part of an architectural ensemble built in Milan from 1463 and remodeled at the end of the 15th century by Bramante, the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria of the Graces preserves on its north wall an undisputed masterpiece, The Last Supper, painted from 1495 to 1497 by Leonardo da Vinci, which opened a new era in the history of art. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 19 Alberobello trulli | Cultural | (iii) (iv) (v) | Trulli are dry stone dwellings in the Puglia region in southern Italy. These are remarkable examples of mortarless construction, a technique inherited from prehistoric times and still used in the region. The houses surmounted by their pyramidal, domed or conical roofs are built with limestone pebbles collected from neighboring fields. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| The Lombards in Italy. Places of power (AD 568-774) | Cultural | (ii) (iii) (vi) | The Lombards in Italy, Places of Power (568-774 AD) include seven groups of important buildings (including fortresses, churches, monasteries, etc.) located in Friuli, Brescia, Castelseprio, Spoleto, Campello sul Clitunno, Benevento, Monte Sant'Angelo. They bear witness to the achievements of the Lombards, who came from Northern Europe to settle in Italy where they developed a specific culture and managed vast territories from the 6th to the 8th century. The Lombard synthesis of several architectural styles marks the transition between Antiquity and the European Middle Ages; it is based on the heritage of ancient Rome, Christian spirituality, the influence of Byzantium and Germanic Europe. The seven sites bear witness to the important role played by the Lombards in the cultural and spiritual development of medieval Christendom, in particular by supporting the monastic movement. The seven sites of power |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 20 The Sassi and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches of Matera | Cultural | (iii) (iv) (v) | Located in the region of Basilicata, it is the most remarkable and complete example of a set of cave dwellings in the Mediterranean region, perfectly suited to its terrain and its ecosystem. The first inhabited area dates back to the Paleolithic and later dwellings illustrate a number of important stages in human history. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 21 Mantua and Sabbioneta | Cultural | (ii) (iii) | Mantua and Sabbioneta, in northern Italy, in the Po Valley, present two aspects of Renaissance town planning. Mantua shows the renewal and gradual expansion of an existing city while Sabbioneta, some thirty kilometers away, illustrates the implementation of the theories of the time on the ideal city. The first has a very irregular layout which becomes regular in places, testifying to several stages of growth since the Roman period. There are many medieval buildings there such as an 11th century rotunda and a Baroque theater. Built in the second half of the 16th century under the aegis of Vespasian Gonzaga Colonna, Sabbioneta can be described as the city of one period with a checkerboard plan at right angles. The two cities represent an exceptional testimony of urban, architectural and artistic achievements of the Renaissance, with as common denominator the vision and the ambitions of the reigning Gonzaga family. Both sites are important for the value of their architecture and their prominent role in the dissemination of Renaissance culture. The ideals of the latter, favored by the Gonzague family, are present in the morphology and architecture of these towns. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 22 Paleochristian monuments of Ravenna | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) | Capital of the Roman Empire in the 5th century, then of Byzantine Italy until the 8th century, Ravenna has a collection of mosaics and early Christian monuments unique in the world. These eight buildings - mausoleum of Galla Placidia, neonian baptistery, basilica of Sant 'Apollinare Nuovo, baptistery of the Arians, chapel of the archbishopric, mausoleum of Theodoric, church of San Vitale, basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe - were built in the 5th and 6th centuries. centuries. They all testify to a great artistic mastery which marvelously combines the Greco-Roman tradition, Christian iconography and styles of the East and the West. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 23 Etruscan necropolises of Cerveteri and Tarquinia | Cultural | (i) (iii) (iv) | These two great Etruscan necropolises reflect various types of funerary practices between the 9th and 1st centuries BC and are among the most beautiful testimonies of the Etruscan world, this urban civilization in the north of the Mediterranean. Some of the site's tombs are monumental, hewn in the rock and topped with impressive tumuli. Many of them feature bas-reliefs, while others contain remarkable wall paintings. The necropolis near Cerveteri, known as Banditaccia, includes thousands of tombs arranged in an almost urban plan, with quarters, streets and small squares. The tombs are of various types: trenches dug in the rock, tumuli, or others hewn in the rock in the shape of a hut or a house with a luxury of architectural details. They constitute the only testimony that has come down to us of Etruscan residential architecture. The necropolis of Tarquinia, also called Monterozzi, contains 6,000 tombs carved into the rock. It is famous for its 200 painted tombs, the oldest of which date back to the 7th century BC. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Venetian defenses from the 16th century to the 17th century: Stato da Terra - Stato da Mar occidental Other sites in Croatia and at Montenegro | Cultural | (iii) (iv) | This property consists of 6 defensive structures located in Italy, Croatia and Montenegro, which are spread over more than 1 000 km between the Lombardy region, Italy, and the eastern Adriatic coast. The fortifications of Stato da Terra protected the Republic of Venice, to the north-west, from other European powers, and those of Stato da Mar, the maritime routes and ports from the Adriatic Sea to the Levant. They were necessary to support the expansion and power of the Serenissima. The introduction of gunpowder brought about significant changes in military techniques and architecture that were reflected in the design of the alla moderna (or bastioned) fortifications that would spread throughout Europe. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 27 18th century Royal Palace of Caserta with the park, the Vanvitelli aqueduct and the complex of San Leucio | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) | The monumental ensemble of Caserta, created by Charles III (Carlo Borbone) in the mid-18th century to compete with Versailles and the royal palace in Madrid, is exceptional in the way it brings together a sumptuous palace with its park and gardens but also a natural wooded part, hunting lodges and an industrial complex for the production of silk. It is an eloquent and concrete evocation of the Enlightenment period, integrated rather than imposed on its natural landscape. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 28 Arab-Norman Palermo and the cathedrals of Cefalú and Monreale | Cultural | (ii) (iv) | The Arab-Norman Palermo (two palaces, three churches, a cathedral and a bridge) and the cathedrals of Cefalú and Monreale, on the north coast of Sicily, constitute a series of nine civil and religious structures dating from the time of the kingdom Norman of Sicily (1130-1194). Together, they illustrate a socio-cultural syncretism between the western, Islamic and Byzantine cultures of the island which was at the origin of new concepts of space, construction and decoration. They also bear witness to the fruitful coexistence of peoples of various origins and religions (Muslim, Byzantine, Latin, Jewish, Lombard and French). |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 29 Cilento and Val de Diano National Park, with the archaeological sites of Paestum and Velia and the Charterhouse of Padula | Cultural | (iii) (iv) | The Cilento area constitutes a cultural landscape of exceptional quality. Its impressive sets of sanctuaries and settlements scattered along three east-west trending mountain ranges strikingly reflect the historical development of the region as a major trade route, but also as a cultural and political interface during prehistory and the Middle Ages. It was also the border between the Greek colonies of Magna Grecia and the indigenous Etruscan and Lucanian peoples, and the site preserves the remains of two important classical cities, Paestum and Velia. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 30 Wine-growing landscape Piedmont : Langhe-Roero and Monferrato | Cultural | (iii) (v) | This landscape corresponds to five distinct vineyards and the Château de Cavour, whose name is emblematic of both the development of the vineyard and the history of Italy. Located in the south of Piedmont, between the Po and the Ligurian Apennines, this cultural landscape brings together all the technical and economic processes linked to vineyards and wine making, an activity that has been characteristic of this region for centuries. Vine pollens dating back to the 5th century BC. AD have been found in the space of the good. At that time, Piedmont was a place of contact and exchange between Etruscans and Celts. Etruscan and Celtic words, especially those related to wine, still appear in the local dialect. During the Roman Empire, Pliny the Elder mentioned the region as one of the most favorable for the cultivation of vines and Strabo spoke of the locally made barrels. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 31 Piazza del Duomo in Pisa | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iv) (vi) | Piazza del Duomo brings together on a vast lawn a monumental complex famous all over the world. These are four masterpieces of medieval architecture which exerted a great influence on the monumental arts in Italy from the 11th to the 14th century: the cathedral, the baptistery, the campanile (or "Leaning Tower") and the graveyard. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 32 Portovenere, Cinque Terre and the islands (Palmaria, Tino and Tinetto) | Cultural | (ii) (iv) (v) | This Ligurian coastal territory which stretches from the Cinque Terre to Portovenere is a cultural landscape of great panoramic and cultural value. The shape and layout of the small towns and the pattern of the surrounding landscape, overcoming the disadvantages of steep and irregular terrain, mark the milestones of continued human occupation in this region over the past millennium. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Residences of the royal family of Savoy | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iv) (v) | When the Duke of Savoy, Emmanuel-Philibert, chose to move the capital of the Duchy to Turin in 1562, he undertook a vast construction program, symbol of the power of the royal house of Savoy, which was to be carried out by his successors. This set of high quality buildings, designed and decorated by the greatest architects and artists of the time, radiates out over the surrounding countryside, from the royal palace located in the "command zone" of Turin, to reach numerous country residences. and hunting lodges. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Prehistoric pile-dwelling sites around the Alps Site shared byGermany, the'Austria, the France, Italy, the Slovenia and the Swiss | Cultural | (iv) (v) | This serial property includes 111 sites where there are remains of prehistoric dwellings (on stilts) in and around the Alps. Dating from around 5,000 to around 500 BC. AD, they are located on the edges of lakes, rivers or marshy lands. Only a small number have been excavated but they have provided material that provides insight into everyday life in Alpine Europe during the Neolithic and Bronze Age, as well as information on how communities interacted with their surroundings. . Fifty-six sites are located in Switzerland. These establishments constitute a unique group of particularly rich and very well preserved archaeological sites; they represent important sources for the study of the first agrarian societies in the region. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 33 Su Nuraxi from Barumini | Cultural | (i) (iii) (iv) | During the 2nd millennium BC. AD, in the Bronze Age, a type of defensive construction known as nuraghi, unique in its kind, developed in Sardinia. The ensemble consists of circular defensive towers in the form of truncated cones built in freestone and equipped with corbelled vaulted interior rooms. The Barumini complex, which was extended and reinforced during the first half of the 1st millennium ad under pressure from the Carthaginians, is the finest and most complete example of this remarkable form of prehistoric architecture. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 34 Syracuse and the rocky necropolis of Pantalica | Cultural | (ii) (iii) (iv) (vi) | The site is made up of two separate elements containing exceptional remains dating back to the Greek and Roman eras: the Necropolis of Pantalica has more than 5,000 rock-cut tombs near open-air quarries and mostly dating from the period between the 13th and 7th centuries BC. There are also remains from the Byzantine period, in particular the foundations of the "Anaktoron" (Prince's Palace). The other part of the site, ancient Syracuse, includes the nucleus of the first foundation, in the 8th century BC. AD, with the arrival of the first Greek colonists from Corinth: Ortygia. The site of this city contains remains such as the temple of Athena (5th century BC, later transformed into a cathedral), a Greek theater, a Roman amphitheater, a fort and many other treasures. architectural. Historic Syracuse offers a unique testimony to the development of Mediterranean civilization over three millennia. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 35 Val d'Orcia | Cultural | (iv) (vi) | The landscape of the Orcia valley is part of the agricultural hinterland of Siena, redesigned and developed during its integration into the territory of the city in the 14th and 15th centuries so as to reflect a model of good governance, all by creating an aesthetically pleasing image. The aesthetic qualities of the landscape, with its chalk plains from which rise almost conical hills, at the top of which are grouped fortified settlements, have inspired many artists. Their works illustrate the beauty of agricultural landscapes managed with Renaissance genius. The inscription includes: a colonized and planned agrarian and pastoral landscape that reflects innovative land use systems, several towns and villages, farms and the Via Francigena, a Roman road with abbeys, inns, sanctuaries, bridges, which are associated with it. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 36 Venice and its lagoon | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) | The island city founded in the 5th century spans 118 islets. It became a great maritime power in the 10th century. Venice as a whole is an extraordinary architectural masterpiece as even the smallest monument contains works by some of the greatest artists in the world, such as Giorgione, Titian, Tintoretto, Veronese and others. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 37 Hadrian's Villa | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) | This exceptional complex of classical buildings, created in the 2nd century by the Roman Emperor Hadrian, reproduces the best elements of the material cultures of Egypt, Greece and Rome in the form of an "ideal city". |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 38 Villa d'Este | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (vi) | The Villa d'Este in Tivoli with its palace and its garden is one of the most remarkable and complete testimonies of Renaissance culture in its most refined form. The Villa d'Este, due to its innovative design and the ingenuity of the architectural works in its garden (fountains, ponds, etc.), is an incomparable example of an Italian garden from the 16th century. The Villa d'Este, one of the first “giardini delle meraviglie”, served very early on as a model for the development of gardens in Europe. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 39 Roman Villa of Casale | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) | The exploitation of the countryside in the Roman period is symbolized by the villa, the center of the large estate on which the rural economy of the Western Empire was based. In its 4th century form, the Roman Villa of Casale is one of the most luxurious examples of this type of monument. It is particularly remarkable for the richness and the quality of the mosaics which decorate almost every room, and which are the most beautiful still in place in the whole Roman world. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Villas and gardens of the Medici in Tuscany | Cultural | (ii) (iv) (vi) | These twelve villas and two gardens, scattered across the Tuscan landscape, bear witness to the influence the Medici exerted on modern European culture through their patronage. Made in harmony with nature between the XVe century and XVIIe century, villas and gardens represent an original system of constructions dedicated to leisure, art and knowledge. The villas innovate in form and function, creating a new kind of princely dwelling in the countryside, totally different from the farms at the time owned by all the wealthy Florentines but also from the castles, emblems of the seigniorial powers. The first example of the connection between architecture, gardens and the environment, the villas represent a constant reference for all Italian and European groups of similar princely residences. Their gardens and their integration into the natural environment contributed to the emergence of an aesthetic sensitivity to the landscape characteristic of Humanism and the Renaissance. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 40 City of Verona | Cultural | (ii) (iv) | The historic city of Verona was founded in the 1st century BC. It went through periods of expansion under the reign of the Scaliger family in the 13th and 14th centuries and under the Republic of Venice, from the 15th to the 18th century. An exceptional example of a stronghold, Verona has preserved a remarkable number of monuments from Antiquity, medieval times and the Renaissance. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 41 City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas in Veneto | Cultural | (i) (ii) | Founded in the 2nd century BC. AD in northern Italy, the city flourished under Venetian rule from the early 15th to the late 18th century. The work of Andrea Palladio (1508-1580), based on an in-depth study of classical Roman architecture, gave the city its unique appearance. Its urban interventions and its villas, with which it spread throughout the Veneto, had a decisive influence on the subsequent course of architecture. His work inspired a characteristic architectural style (Palladianism) that spread to England, other countries in Europe and North America. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Val di Noto, Late Baroque towns of south-eastern Sicily | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iv) (v) | The eight towns of south-eastern Sicily - Caltagirone, Militello Val di Catania, Catania, Modica, Noto, Palazzolo, Ragusa and Scicli - were all rebuilt after 1693, on the site or alongside the towns that s' stood there before the earthquake of that same year. They represent a considerable collective initiative, carried out at a high architectural and artistic level. Broadly consistent with the late Baroque style of the time, they represent significant innovations in the field of town planning and urban construction. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 42 Agrigento archaeological zone | Cultural | (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) | Greek colony founded in the 6th century BC. AD, Agrigento became one of the main cities of the Mediterranean world. The remains of the magnificent Doric temples which dominated the ancient city, much of which remains intact under the fields and orchards of today, testify to its supremacy and its pride. A selection of excavation areas sheds light on the Hellenistic and Roman city and on the funeral practices of its early Christian inhabitants. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 43 Archaeological Zone and the Patriarchal Basilica of Aquileia | Cultural | (iii) (iv) (vi) | Aquilée, dans la province du Frioul-Vénétie Julienne, fut l'une des villes les plus importantes et les plus riches du Haut-Empire avant d'être détruite par Attila au milieu du Ve siècle. La plupart de ses vestiges demeurent intacts sous les prairies environnantes, constituant ainsi la plus grande réserve archéologique de son espèce. Sa basilique patriarcale, avec son exceptionnel pavement de mosaïque, est un édifice remarquable qui a également joué un rôle essentiel dans l'évangélisation d'une grande partie de l'Europe centrale. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 44 Zones archéologiques de Pompéi, Herculanum et Torre Annunziata | Cultural | (iii)(iv)(v) | L’éruption du Vésuve, le 24 août de l’an 79, a enseveli les deux villes romaines florissantes de Pompéi et d’Herculanum ainsi que nombre de riches maisons de la région. Depuis le milieu du XVIIIe siècle, elles sont progressivement mises au jour et rendues accessibles au public. La vaste étendue de la ville commerciale de Pompéi contraste avec les vestiges plus restreints mais mieux préservés de la cité résidentielle de détente d’Herculanum, tandis que les superbes peintures murales de la villa Oplontis de Torre Annunziata donnent un témoignage très vivant du mode de vie opulent des citoyens les plus riches des débuts de l’Empire romain. | .jpg/150px-80045_Pompei,_Metropolitan_City_of_Naples,_Italy_-_panoramio_(2).jpg) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Forêts primaires de hêtres des Carpates et d’autres régions d’Europe | Naturel | (ix) | Le site est une extension transnationale des forêts primaires de hêtres des Carpates et forêts anciennes de hêtres d’Allemagne (Slovaquie, Ukraine et Allemagne) qui s’étend désormais sur douze pays. Depuis la fin du dernier âge glaciaire, les forêts de hêtres d’Europe se sont rapidement répandues à partir de quelques refuges isolés dans les Alpes, les Carpates, la Méditerranée et les Pyrénées en quelques milliers d’années, un processus qui se poursuit encore aujourd’hui. L’expansion réussie du hêtre s’explique par sa flexibilité et sa tolérance à différentes conditions climatiques, géographiques et physiques. Localisation des forêts primaires de hêtres |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 45 Îles Eoliennes | Naturel | (viii) | Les Iles Eoliennes, qui constituent un exemple exceptionnel de construction et de destruction d'îles par le volcanisme, sont toujours le théâtre de phénomènes volcaniques. Etudiées au moins depuis le XVIIIe siècle, ces îles qui ont fourni aux ouvrages de volcanologie la description de deux types d'éruption (vulcanienne et strombolienne) occupent, par conséquent, une place éminente dans la formation de tous les géologues depuis plus de 200 ans. Aujourd'hui encore, elles offrent un champ fécond d'étude pour la volcanologie. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 46 The Dolomites | Naturel | (vii)(viii) | La chaîne de montagnes des Dolomites, située dans le nord des Alpes italiennes, compte 18 sommets de plus de 3000 mètres. Le site couvre 141 903 ha et constitue un des plus beaux paysages de montagne du monde, caractérisé par des murailles verticales, des falaises abruptes et une forte densité de vallées très étroites, longues et profondes. Le bien comprend neuf éléments représentatifs de la diversité de ces paysages spectaculaires - pics, pinacles, murailles - qui sont d'importance internationale pour la géomorphologie. On y trouve aussi des reliefs glaciaires et des systèmes karstiques. Le tout est caractérisé par une nature dynamique avec de fréquents éboulements, inondations et avalanches. Le bien présente aussi un des meilleurs exemples de préservation de systèmes de plateformes carbonatées du Mésozoïque, incluant des registres fossilifères. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 47 Etna | Naturel | (viii) | Ce site emblématique recouvre une zone inhabitée de 19 237 ha, il s’agit des parties les plus hautes du Mont Etna, sur le littoral oriental de la Sicile. L’Etna est la plus haute montagne se trouvant sur une île méditerranéenne mais aussi le stratovolcan le plus actif du monde. Cette activité volcanique remonte à plus de 500 000 ans et elle est décrite depuis au moins 2 700 ans. L’activité éruptive quasi continue de l’Etna continue d’influencer la vulcanologie, la géophysique et d’autres disciplines des sciences de la terre. Le volcan abrite d’importants écosystèmes, y compris une flore et une faune endémiques uniques. Compte tenu de son activité, l’Etna représente un laboratoire naturel pour l’étude des processus écologiques et biologiques. L’assemblage accessible et varié de caractéristiques volcaniques telles que les cratères de sommet, les cônes de cendre, les coulées de lave, les grottes de lave et la dépression du Valle de Bove fait de l’Etna une destination privilégiée pour la recherche et l’éducation. | .jpg/150px-Addio_Torre_del_Flosofo_-_Aftermath_Etna_Volcano_Paroxysmal_Eruption_October_26_2013_-_Creative_Commons_by_gnuckx_(10577473525).jpg) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 48 Monte San Giorgio (bien partagé avec la Suisse) | Naturel | (viii) | La montagne boisée, de forme pyramidale, du Monte San Giorgio, près du lac de Lugano, est considérée comme le meilleur témoin de la vie marine du Trias (il y a 245 à 230 millions d’années). La séquence témoigne de la vie dans un lagon tropical abrité et en partie séparé de la haute mer par un récif. Des formes de vie marine diverses ont prospéré dans ce lagon, notamment des reptiles, des poissons, des bivalves, des ammonites, des échinodermes et des crustacés. Comme le lagon était proche de la terre, on trouve aussi quelques fossiles terrestres de reptiles, d’insectes et de plantes, notamment. Il en résulte une ressource fossilifère très riche. |  | |||||||||||||||||||||
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