Przemyśl - Przemyśl

Widok z tarasu wieży Zegarowej w Przemyślu 11 - kościoły.jpg
Przemyśl
VoivodeshipSubcarpathian
Residents
67.847 ()
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location
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Przemyśl

Przemyśl is a city with a good 67,000 inhabitants in the extreme southeast Poland. She is on the river San at the foot of the Beskydy Mountains (Przemyśl Mountains) in the voivodeship Subcarpathian. Przemyśl is 11 km from the Polish-Ukrainian border and is an important transit point on the railway route Krakow–Lviv. There is an old town well worth seeing with baroque buildings from the Polish aristocratic republic and the Habsburg monarchy. It is in the historical region Red Rus.

background

Przemyśl 1617
Przemyśl in the 17th century
Przemyśl in the First World War

Przemyśl is one of the oldest cities in Poland. A Przemyśl castle belonging to the Lachen tribe in eastern Poland was mentioned in a document as early as 981, when it was conquered by the Kiev Grand Duke Vladimir I. From 1085 to 1141 Przemyśl was the capital of a separate sub-principality of the Kievan Rus and the seat of an Orthodox Diocese. It was destroyed during the Tatar invasion in 1240. From 1340 Przemyśl belonged to Poland and received Magdeburg town charter in 1389. Casimir the Great expanded the royal castle after 1340. The Przemyśl Cathedral was built in the 14th century and in 1340 the Catholic (Arch) Diocese of Przemyśl set up. From 1434 it was the capital of a country in the Polish Ruthenian Voivodeship. There is evidence of Jewish immigrants in the city since 1440. In 1498 the city was sacked by Moldavian troops. The city flourished from the 15th to the middle of the 17th century. In 1628 the Jesuits founded a college here. In 1754 a printer and a publishing house are founded.

In the course of the first division of Poland, Przemyśl came under Austrian rule in 1772 and was assigned to the crown land of Galicia, where it was the capital of Przemyśl district has been. In this it was from the second half of the 19th century the seat of a district authority and a district court. The city was with the First Hungarian-Galician Railway and the Galician Carl Ludwig Railway connected to the railway network. During this time, Austria-Hungary expanded Przemyśl into one of its largest fortresses; 140,000 soldiers were stationed here at the beginning of the First World War in 1914. The Siege of Przemyśl from September 1914 to March 1915, in which 300,000 Russian soldiers took part and a total of about 130,000 died on both sides, was the largest siege of the First World War. It ended with the Russians taking the fortress. Just three months later, Austro-Hungarian and German troops recaptured the fortress.

In the interwar period, Przemyśl belonged to the re-established Polish state. During the Second World War, the city was initially occupied by the German Wehrmacht. in the Przemyśl Massacre from 15.-19. In September 1939, Einsatzgruppen of the Security Police and the SD murdered around 600 Jews. A few days later, the Wehrmacht handed the city over to the administration of the Soviet Union in accordance with the German-Soviet non-aggression pact. In the course of the invasion of the Soviet Union, the city was occupied again by the Wehrmacht in June 1941. The Persecution of the Jews started all over again. In July 1944, the city was under the Lviv-Sandomierz operation captured by the Red Army. In March 1945 Przemyśl was returned to Poland by the Soviet Union. The Eastern Slavs living here (ethnic Ukrainians, Boyks and Lemks) were resettled in the 1940s. In the meantime, the city was the capital of Przemyśl Voivodeship. The cosmetics company was founded in the 1980s Inglot. That came about after the fall of the Wall Przemyśl ski area.

Przemyśl is the seat of two archbishops: The Roman Catholic diocese, which has existed since 1375, was elevated to an archbishopric by Pope John Paul II in 1992. In addition, the city had been the seat of the bishopric of the Greek Catholic Church since the 16th century (Eastern rite, but recognizes the Pope as head); this too was elevated to an archparchy in 1996 by John Paul II.

The psychoanalyst is one of the city's prominent daughters and sons Helene German (1884–1982), the Austrian communist Franz Marek (1913–1979) and the director Celino white lead (*1937).

getting there

Map of Przemysl
Central Station

Przemyśl is across from the west Krakow or Rzeszów best to achieve.

By plane

The Rzeszów Airport-Jasionka (RZE) near Rzeszów is a good 90 km from Przemyśl, around an hour by car.

By train

1  Przemyśl Główny (Central Station), plac Legionów 1. WLAN in the hall. There are also showers in the chargeable toilets in the underpass. All trains from / to Ukraine that require reservation (2019 price up to Lviv 30 Zl.) Drive on platform 4/5. This can be reached by going from the station building through the underpass to platform 3, then down into another underpass. The signs “customs clearance” can be ignored, the clearance will take place on the train in 2019 and is significantly faster than at Polish-Ukrainian road crossings.last change: Mar. 2019

You can reach Przemyśl almost every hour by Intercity or TLK (equivalent to Interregio) trains from Krakow (Travel time 3–3½ hours) and Rzeszów (approx. 1:10 hours); approximately every two hours from Wroclaw (6:45 hours). There are four daily direct connections from Ukraine, which take a good hour from Lviv, 2:45 hours from Ternopil and 6½ hours from Kiev.

A Eurocity / Euronight line runs from Berlin (14 hours) and Frankfurt (Oder) (13 hours) to Przemyśl.

By bus

2  Bus station (Directly behind the train station, from there through an underpass). Desolate accumulation of draughty stops. Some barracks for international tickets. A counter for inter-Polish long-distance buses, the stops are clearly marked. The 24-hour bar is also a waiting room (you are better off in the train station). Several exchange offices in the area. The small supermarket across the street has travel provisions (daily 6.00-22.00).last change: Apr. 2019

In the street

The journey from Germany is over Krakow on the highway A4 and then along out Sandomierz coming State road 77 possible, or from Zator about the State road 28 from southwest.

mobility

Minibuses to the region leave the bus station on the right when you come out of the underpass from the main train station. There is hardly any traffic on Sundays.

Tourist Attractions

Przemyśl Castle
greek-cath. Episcopal Palace
Roman Catholic Cathedral
facade
Maria Magdalena Church
Johanneskirche
Theresienkirche
Antonius Church
Trinity Church
Joseph's Church
Marienkirche
St. Mary's Orthodox Church
Greek Catholic seminary

The tourist office has well signposted two routes. The inner city, 3½ km long, connects the most important churches and monuments of the old town. A second, nine-kilometer path through the surrounding area leads past the fortresses that were contested in the First World War.

Palaces and castles

  • 1  Przemyśl Castle (Zamek Kazimierzowski). Przemyśl Castle in the Wikipedia encyclopediaPrzemyśl Castle in the Wikimedia Commons media directoryPrzemyśl Castle (Q7253424) in the Wikidata database.The building history of Przemyśl Castle dates back to the 11th century. It is located on a hill, southwest of today's old town. Around 1340 the Polish King Casimir III resided here. the great one, whose name the castle bears in Polish. Count Piotr Kmita Sobieński had the castle converted into a Renaissance chateau in the 16th century, essentially giving it its current appearance.
  • 2  Lubomirski Palace (Pałac Lubomirskich). Palais Lubomirski in the Wikipedia encyclopediaPalais Lubomirski in the media directory Wikimedia CommonsPalais Lubomirski (Q11814799) in the Wikidata database.1885–87 built in ecclesiastical style for the Polish aristocrat Hieronim Adam Lubomirski.last change: Apr. 2019
  • Episcopal Palace. Episcopal Palace of the Roman Catholic Bishops.
  • Episcopal Palace. Episcopal Palace of the Greek Catholic Bishops.
  • Orzechowski mansion
  • numerous art nouveau villas

  • Lubomirski Palace

  • Roman Catholic Episcopal Palace

  • Art Nouveau villa

Churches

  • 3  Roman Catholic Cathedral (Bazylika archikatedralna Wniebowzięcia NMP i św. Jana Chrzciciela, Cathedral Basilica of the Assumption and St. John the Baptist). Roman Catholic Cathedral in the Wikipedia encyclopediaRoman Catholic Cathedral in the Wikimedia Commons media directoryRoman Catholic Cathedral (Q5052346) in the Wikidata database.Main church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Przemyśl. The oldest building elements are Romanesque style and date from the 13th century. In the course of time, significant alterations were made in the Gothic and Baroque styles, the latter of which characterizes the face of the cathedral today. The bell tower is a landmark of the city.
  • 4  Greek Catholic Cathedral (Sobór św. Jana Chrzciciela). Greek Catholic Cathedral in the Wikipedia encyclopediaGreek Catholic Cathedral in the Wikimedia Commons media directoryGreek Catholic Cathedral (Q3395146) in the Wikidata database.Episcopal Church of the Greek Catholic Archeparchy. The baroque building was built in the 17th century for the Jesuit order. After the order was abolished in 1773, the church fell into disrepair, was secularized and used as a warehouse. At the beginning of the 20th century it was consecrated again as a church. In 1991, despite protests from Polish nationalists, it was handed over from the Roman Catholic to the Greek Catholic Church.
  • 5  Theresienkirche (Kościół i klasztor Karmelitów bosych). Theresienkirche in the encyclopedia WikipediaTheresienkirche in the media directory Wikimedia CommonsTheresienkirche (Q1584537) in the Wikidata database.Built 1620–1630 in the late Renaissance and early Baroque styles. After the abolition of the Carmelite Order in 1784, the Austrian rulers handed it over to the Greek Catholic Church, for which it served as a cathedral, until it was exchanged for the former Jesuit church in 1991.
  • 6  Maria Magdalena Church (Kościół Franciszkanów). Maria Magdalena Church in the encyclopedia WikipediaMaria Magdalena Church in the media directory Wikimedia CommonsMaria Magdalena Church (Q11745047) in the Wikidata database.The late baroque church was built in 1754–1778.
  • Trinity Church. Baroque church.
  • 7  Joseph's Church (Kościół Salezjanów). Joseph's Church in the Wikipedia encyclopediaJosephskirche in the media directory Wikimedia CommonsJosephskirche (Q11745777) in the Wikidata database.Neo-Gothic, built 1912–23.
  • Antonius Church. In Art Nouveau.
  • Marienkirche (Carmelite). In the neo-Gothic style.
  • Marienkirche (helper). In the neo-Gothic style.
  • Greek Catholic St. John's Church. In the Byzantine style.
  • St. Mary's Orthodox Church. In the Byzantine style.
  • Orthodox Church of the Nativity. In the Byzantine style.
  • Orthodox Church of the Dormition. In the Byzantine style.
  • Orthodox Church of the Assumption. Byzantine style wooden church.
  • Metholidstenkirche
  • Greek Catholic seminary

  • St. Mary's Cathedral

  • St. John's Cathedral

  • Joseph's Church

  • Maria Magdalena Church

Monasteries

  • Franciscan monastery. baroque monastery.
  • Carmelite Monastery. baroque monastery.
  • Benedictine convent. baroque monastery.
  • Salesian Monastery. Art Nouveau monastery.
  • Reformer monastery. Art Nouveau monastery.
  • Carmelite Convent. in neo-Gothic style.
  • Bonifrater Monastery
  • Dominican monastery
  • Dominican convent
  • Jesuit monastery

Synagogues

  • New synagogue
  • San Synagogue

  • New synagogue

  • San Synagogue

Towers

  • new town hall
  • Clock tower. late baroque bell tower, today a lookout point.

  • town hall

  • Clock tower

Weir systems

  • Remains of the 8  Przemyśl Fortress (Twierdza Przemyśl) Przemyśl Fortress in the Wikipedia encyclopediaPrzemyśl Fortress in the Wikimedia Commons media directoryPrzemyśl Fortress (Q3706377) in the Wikidata database
  • Remains of the Molotov Line. Soviet fortifications from World War II (1939–41).

  • Fort Borek

Buildings

  • 9  Central Station (Przemyśl Główny). Hauptbahnhof in the Wikipedia encyclopediaHauptbahnhof in the media directory Wikimedia CommonsHauptbahnhof (Q11829017) in the Wikidata database.The station is not only a transit point, but also a landmark and a symbol of Przemyśl. It was built in the typical neo-baroque style of the Habsburg era and inaugurated in 1860. The decorative interior of the lobby is also worth mentioning.
  • 10  Railway bridge. Railway bridge in the Wikipedia encyclopediaRailway bridge in the media directory Wikimedia CommonsRailway bridge (Q20165687) in the Wikidata database.The 188 meter long bridge over the San River was designed by the French engineer Gustave Eiffel (builder of the Eiffel Tower) and completed in 1891.
  • Przemysl Gate Bridge. Road bridge.
  • San-Steig. Footbridge.
  • city ​​wall. Remains of the medieval city wall.

  • footbridge

  • Przemysl Gate Bridge

  • Eiffels Railway Bridge

  • city ​​wall

Monuments

  • 11  Monument to the Przemysl Eagle Cubs (Pomnik Orląt Przemyskich), Plac Orląt Przemyskich. Monument of the Przemysl Eagle Pups in the Wikipedia encyclopediaMonument to the Przemyśler Eagle Pups in the Wikimedia Commons media directoryMonument to the Przemysl Eagle Pups (Q11823381) in the Wikidata database.The Orlęta Przemyskie (Przemyśler Adlerjungen) were a group of Polish youth who fought against the Ukraine and the Soviet Union in 1918–21, after the end of the First World War. The monument was inaugurated in 1938, destroyed by Ukrainian nationalists in 1940 and rebuilt in 1994.
  • 12  Schweik's Bank (Ławeczka Józefa Szwejka), Rynek. Schwejks Bank in the Wikipedia encyclopediaSchwejks Bank in the media directory Wikimedia CommonsSchwejks Bank (Q9394074) in the Wikidata database.The bronze monument on the market square shows Josef Schwejk, the main character in Jaroslav Hašek's picaresque novel The good soldier Schweik sitting on a bench. Part of the plot of this story takes place in Przemyśl.
  • Bear fountain
  • John Paul II monument
  • Mickiewicz monument
  • Bust of Kościuszko
  • Piłsudski bust
  • Sobieski monument
  • Cross of Trust
  • Nepomuk statue
  • Church fathers
  • Uhlan Hussar Monument

  • Sobieski monument

  • Mickiewicz monument

  • Bust of Kościuszko

  • Nepomuk statue

  • Piłsudski bust

  • Schweik's Bank

  • Eagle cubs

  • Bear fountain

  • Clock fountain

  • Cross of Trust

  • Uhlan Hussar Monument

  • Church fathers

graveyards

  • Old graveyard
  • German military cemeteries
  • Polish military cemetery
  • New Jewish cemetery

  • Cemetery chapel

  • Old graveyard

  • Pl. Military cemetery

  • German military cemetery

  • New Jewish cemetery

Places

  • Marketplace. with underground rock passages.
  • Gate place
  • Czacki square
  • Dominican Square
  • May 3rd Constitution Square
  • Independence Square
  • Legion Square

  • Marketplace

  • Entrance to the underground rock passages

  • Gate place

  • Dominican Square

  • Independence Square

Streets

  • Kasimirstrasse
  • Turmstrasse
  • Franziskanerstrasse
  • Burgstrasse

  • Kasimirstrasse

  • Turmstrasse

  • Franziskanerstrasse

  • Burgstrasse

various

  • 13  Tatar hill. Tatar hills in the Wikipedia encyclopediaTatar hills in the media directory Wikimedia CommonsTatar hill (Q11743506) in the Wikidata database.In pre-Christian times, the 350 meter high hill was used to worship Slavic gods (namely Svarožić), to whom human and animal sacrifices were allegedly brought, as indicated by the skulls and skeletons excavated at the foot of the hill. It is said that the legendary city founder Przemysł is also buried here. After Christianization there was a chapel for St. Leonhard (patron saint of prisoners), which was destroyed in the Second World War.
  • Hill of the Three Crosses

  • Hill of the Three Crosses

  • Tatar hill

activities

Sports

The city has its own ski area, the Przemyśl ski area.

theatre

  • Fredreum Theater (in the Royal Castle)
  • Theater S.A.N.

movie theater

  • Cinema center
  • Cinema Helios

Art gallery

  • State Gallery of Contemporary Art
  • White Photo Gallery
  • Galerie Fotografia przy MKK “Niedźwiadek”
  • Gallery ZAMEK
  • Gallery GALICJA
  • Antyki i Dzieła Sztuki

museum

  • National Museum of the Przemysl Country
  • Bell and pipe museum
  • city ​​Museum
  • Archdiocese Museum
  • Caponiera 8813
  • Przemyśl Fortress Museum (Łętownia and Tarnawka Fort)
  • Ukrainian Regional Museum Strywihor
  • Bunker systems
  • State Archives

  • Archdiocese Museum

  • National Museum

  • Castle Museum

  • Bell and pipe museum

  • Fort Łętownia

  • city ​​Museum

Libraries

  • Krasicki Library
  • Pawlikowski Library
  • Science library

shop

One should use the exchange offices in Krakow or Lublin, as the exchange rate is usually better than in Sandomierz. A visit to Lublin is recommended for shopping, Rzeszóws or Krakow, as the choice is greater there.

  • Galeria Sanowa

kitchen

The Subcarpathian is known for the best Polish wines. For Polish cuisine, see the corresponding section in the article Poland.

Cheap

  • Ramzes pizzeria
  • Bosko burger
  • Bar Pasja
  • Restauracja Chińczyk
  • Samir kebab
  • Pizzeria La Bamba
  • Pizzeria Mamma Mia
  • Bar ruby
  • Lody Tradycyjne Szanter-Lubiniecki
  • Bar Pryzmat

medium

  • La Costa
  • BIG MAMA PIZZA
  • Pizzeria Margherita
  • Fiore
  • Selfier
  • BOSKO
  • Restauracja Rutyna
  • Cardamom

Upscale

  • Dominikańska
  • Restauracja Cuda Wianki
  • Podcienia
  • Kawiarnia Renesansowa

nightlife

The nightlife is concentrated in the old town and the pedestrian zone.

  • CONDRATE Wina Wybrane
  • PIWIARNIA WARECKA

accommodation

Hotels, guest houses, guest rooms and youth hostels are available.

Cheap

  • Camping Sanocka 17
  • likeHOME
  • Hotel Europejski
  • Matecznik Youth Hostel
  • Apartamenty Galicja
  • Hotel FAHO
  • ZAJAZD U JANA
  • Pokoje Gościnne Zagłobianka
  • MOTEL 24h Bielpon

medium

  • Hotel Accademia
  • BIKE ROOMS
  • City center apartment
  • Apartamenty Przemyśl InforesPark
  • SPA Hotel Gloria
  • Hotel Troika
  • Hotel Marko
  • Hotel Albatros
  • Domek Ogrodnika

Upscale

Castle Krasiczyn
  • Hotel Przemyśl Dwór Wapowce
  • Castle Krasiczyn

security

It's pretty safe.

health

The supply of doctors and pharmacies is good.

Practical advice

There is a ski area in the city park.

trips

literature

See article too Poland.

Web links

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