Subcarpathian - Karpatenvorland

The voivodeship Subcarpathian(Polish: Województwo podkarpackie, IPA: [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ pɔtkarˈpatskʲɛ]) lies in the southeast Poland with the capital in Rzeszów. Apart from the capital, there are no other large cities. The voivodeship borders on the east Ukraine, in the south to the Slovakia, in the west to the voivodeship Lesser Poland and in the north to the voivodeships Lublin and Holy Cross. The Subcarpathian is, as the name suggests, by the Carpathians, especially the Forest Carpathians, embossed. The north of the voivodeship extends to Vistulawhere there is a share of the Sandomirer pool Has.

In this region you will find numerous Renaissance castles of Polish magnates, baroque Roman and Greek Catholic churches, magnificent wooden churches in the mountain valleys, castle ruins, witnesses of Jewish and Lemkian life as well as beautiful wild mountain ranges. Baroque lust for life is paired with the romanticism of old Galicia and Lodomeria, the good soldier Schwejk leaves out Sanok to greet. There are good opportunities for water sports (kayaking, swimming, sailing, diving) at the large reservoirs and rivers. The kayak route along the San is very varied. Winter sports can be done in the Beskydy Mountains to be driven. In the Bieszczadywho live in the voivodeship with the Tarnica reach a height of over 1,300 meters, hikers and winter sports enthusiasts get their money's worth. The hilly Subcarpathian region has its own charm. The provincial capital and university town of Rzeszów, in particular, offers an interesting cultural program. The region is often called Polish Piedmont designated.

Regions

The name Subcarpathian is derived from the mountain range. The geographic region Subcarpathian occupies only part of the voivodeship and lies outside of it in Silesia and Lesser Poland, is therefore not congruent with this one.

Most of the voivodeship is made up of the eastern part of the historical Lesser Poland out. In the east, parts of the historical Red Castles region also belong to the Subcarpathian Voivodeship.

The Subcarpathian Voivodeship consists of several regions and can be roughly divided into four parts. In the south lie the mountain ranges of the Forest Carpathians and the Lower Beskidsthat to the East Beskids are counted. That closes to the north Subcarpathian at. In the northeast at the bottom San are the Red castles. The northwest is a historical part Lesser Poland im fertile Sandomir Basin.

• In the northwest extends the Sandomir Basin of the Vistula to the northern edge of the mountain ranges. The fertile and sun-drenched area is used for growing fruit and vegetables, and increasingly also for growing wine. At the same time, the region is on the medieval trade route from Krakow to Kiev the most populous in the voivodeship.
• In the extreme northeast on the border with the voivodeship Lublin does the voivodeship share in the hill range of Roztoczein which the Tanew arises.
• To the east they join Red castles, a region steeped in history around the old city Przemyśl at the bottom Santalwhich was fought over between Poland and the Kievan Rus in the High Middle Ages.
• It is located south of the Sandomir Basin and the Red Castles Subcarpathian with its picturesque hilly landscape around the centrally located fertile one Jaslo-Krosno-Pool.
  • This is on the border with Lesser Poland Ciężkowice Mountains.
  • To the east of that is that Strzyżów Mountains.
  • To the east, that closes Dynów Mountains at.
  • To the south of that is that Jasło Mountains.
  • To the east, that closes Buków Mountains at.
  • The Bukowica comb lies south of it.
  • To the east of that is that Przemyśl Mountains.
  • To the south of it they close Saana mountains at.
  • To the south of that is that Sanok-Turka Mountains.
  • It lies in the middle between the mountain ranges of the Subcarpathian Mountains Sanoker flat land with the Jaslo-Krosno-Pool.
• South of the Subcarpathian Mountains are the Carpathianswhose main ridge is the border to Slovakia forms.
  • They are in the southwest Lower Beskids with the Magurawhich are already partly in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship.
  • In the southeast they close Forest Carpathians with the Bieszczady that extend as far as the border triangle with Slovakia and Ukraine.

places

Sandomir Basin

• 50.521.5333333333331 Baranów Sandomierski
• 50.58333333333321.6833333333332 Tarnobrzeg
• 50.43333333333321.7666666666673 Nowa Dęba
• 50.58333333333322.054 Stalowa Wola
• 50.53333333333322.1333333333335 Nisko
• 50.522.2666666666676 Ulanów
• 50.44388888888922.2408333333337 Rudnik nad Sanem
• 50.32222222222222.3186111111118 Nowa Sarzyna
• 50.265522.41869 Lezajsk
• 50.17805555555622.61055555555610 Sieniawa
• 50.28333333333321.43333333333311 Mielec
• 50.19472222222221.27333333333312 Radomyśl Wielki
• 50.19305555555621.47833333333313 Przeclaw
• 50.2521.76666666666714 Kolbuszowa
• 50.0514621.4114115 Dębica
• 50.08333333333321.63333333333316 Ropczyce
• 50.06944444444421.70138888888917 Sędziszów Małopolski
• 50.16666666666721.96666666666718 Głogów Małopolski
• 50.24194444444422.12888888888919 Sokołów Małopolski
• 50.052220 Rzeszów
• 50.0687122.2291221 Łańcut
• 50.06666666666722.522 Przeworsk
• 50.0162322.6777623 Jaroslaw
• 49.9522.81638888888924 Radymno

Roztocze

• 50.7666722.1166725 Zaklików
• 50.35027777777823.32722222222226 Narol
• 50.2456423.1316327 Cieszanów
• 50.19055623.36194428 Horyniec-Zdrój
• 50.15560088888923.12299138888929 Lubaczów
• 50.16694444444423.03083333333330 Oleszyce

Red castles

• 49.7849822.7672831 Przemyśl
• 49.7666666722.6666666732 Krasiczyn

Ciężkowice Mountains

• 49.9788321.2922833 Pilzno

Strzyżów Mountains

• 49.88333333333321.78333333333334 Strzyżów
• 49.87916666666721.41222222222235 Brzostek
• 49.821.43333333333336 Kołaczyce

Jasło Krosno Basin

• 49.6886621.7705837 Krosno
• 49.7521.7538 Odrzykoń
• 49.71638888888921.64555555555639 Any

Jasło Mountains

• 49.73333333333321.46666666666740 Jaslo
• 49.55833333333321.68333333333341 Dukla

Rzeszów Mountains

• 49.98333333333321.93333333333342 Boguchwała
• 49.96666666666722.03333333333343 Tyczyn
• 49.88333333333322.144 Błażowa

Dynów Mountains

• 49.69527777777822.01944444444445 Brzozów
• 49.83333333333322.23333333333346 Dynów
• 50.02027777777822.30027777777847 Markova
• 49.98333333333322.41666666666748 Kańczuga
• 49.90611111111122.51611111111149 Pruchnik

Buków Mountains

• 49.51666666666722.26666666666750 Zagórz
• 49.5194422.3552851 Manasterzec
• 49.46611111111122.32888888888952 Lesko

Bukowica comb

• 49.522.06666666666753 Bukowsko
• 49.5116666722.0363888954 Nowotaniec
• 49.56666666666721.98333333333355 Odrzechowa
• 49.5166666721.9333333356 Rudawka Rymanowska

Przemyśl Mountains

• 49.722.7557 Fredropol
• 49.6316666722.7061111158 Kalwaria Pacławska

Saana mountains

• 49.6166722.2666759 Mrzygłód
• 49.5833322.3666760 Tyrawa Wołoska

Sanok-Turka Mountains

• 49.5522.21666666666761 Sanok
• 49.43333333333322.662 Ustrzyki Dolne

Lower Beskids

• 49.61666666666721.53333333333363 Nowy Żmigród
• 49.510787821.501646764 Krempna
• 49.58333333333321.865 Iwonicz-Zdrój
• 49.56666666666721.88333333333366 Rymanów
• 49.5521.8567 Rymanów-Zdrój
• 49.33722222222222.067568 Komańcza

Bieszczady

• 49.3833333322.4666666769 Solina
• 49.3666722.4166770 Polańczyk
• 49.345822.461971 Werlas
• 49.333322.416772 Wołkowyja
• 49.3522.2833373 Baligród
• 49.222.3166774 Cisna
• 49.1433322.4847275 Wetlina
• 49.122.6576 Ustrzyki Górne
• 49.2511111122.6958333377 Lutowiska
• 49.3241666722.667578 Czarna Górna

Other goals

• The 50.5221 Sandomir HeathType is group designation is located in the north of the voivodeship in the Sandomir Basin south of the Vistula.
• The 50.65722222.3536112 Janów HeathType is group designation is located in the north of the voivodeship in the Sandomir basin north of the San on the border with the voivodeship Lublin.

National parks

• The 49.28822.4973 Bieszczady National ParkType is group designation was in the south of the Forest Carpathians Established in 1973. The national park has an area of ​​29,000 hectares. This makes it the largest Polish mountain national park. In the partially deserted region, many rare animals have their refuge, there are also wolves and bears. There are several designated hiking trails through the park. There are some accommodations on the edge of the national park. The administration of the national park is located in Ustrzyki Górne, 650 meters above sea level, and some of the most beautiful hiking trails converge here.

• the 49.5166666721.516666674 Magura National ParkType is group designation lies in the south-eastern part of the country in the lowlands Beskydy Mountains, on the border with Slovakia. It is located in the Subcarpathian Voivodeships and Lesser Poland. The landscape of the park is typical of the landscape of the Low Beskids with their middle and low mountains. The main part of the park is the Magura Watkowska ridge with the Watkowa peak (847 m). Its northern slopes are cut by the Bednarka and Klopotnica streams. The eastern part of the Magura forms a series of individual mountain saddles separated by stream valleys and deep mountain passes. The headwaters of the is located in the park Wisłok. 137 bird species are represented here, including many rare and endangered species, such as the golden eagle, the lesser spotted eagle, the eagle owl and the honey buzzard, as well as the black stork, great owl and white-backed woodpecker. 35 species of mammals live here, including the brown bear, the lynx, the wildcat, the wolf and the otter, fire salamander, newt, mountain toad, adder, smooth snake and grass snake. The oldest trace of human life in this part of the Low Beskids are the remains of a handsome early medieval castle on Mount Walik at the foot of Magura Watkowska. It belonged to a chain of medieval castles in the southeastern border region of Wislanen. The landscape is adorned by the Greek Orthodox churches of the Lemken people. Also worthy of note are the largely forgotten and crumbling cemeteries from World War I, with the remains of thousands of enemies united after death. The tragic memorial of the Second World War is a cemetery with 1250 victims of Jewish origin who were murdered by the Nazis in 1942 on the Halbow Pass.

Kayak and houseboat trails

• Łęg
• Ropa
• San
• Sanna
• Tanew
• Vistula
• Wiar
• Wisłok
• Wisłoka

Lakes

• the 49.37416666666722.4522222222221 Solina reservoir was created in 1968 and has an area of ​​2200 hectares. The Bieszczady Sea offers opportunities for surfing and other water sports. The most popular resorts on the edge of the lake are Solina and Polańczyk. There are a large number of hotels, guest houses, recreation centers and private quarters.
• the 49.552821.93222 Myczkowce reservoir was created in 1925 and is located below the Solina reservoir on the San. The lake offers opportunities for water sports. The central place is Myczkowce.
• the 49.552821.93223 Sieniawa Reservoir was created in 1978 and has an area of ​​1300 hectares. There are opportunities for water sports on the lake. The central place is Sieniawa.

background

The Subcarpathian Voivodeship was created in 1999 as a new voivodeship.

In the Polish aristocratic republic, their area was part of Lesser Poland in the west and the Red Castles in the east. In the early modern period, large magnate families built their castles and palaces here. The area was conveniently located on the trade route from Krakow to Lviv and on to Asia on the Silk Road. Przemyśl am San is one of the oldest cities in Poland. The Orthodox Lemks and Bojken settled in the Forest Carpathians. Poles, Jews (this is where the Hasidic religion originated), Armenians, Germans and Italians lived together in the cities.

After the first Polish partition in 1772, the Subcarpathian region came to Austria as part of Galicia. In the 19th century, crude oil was produced here for the first time in the world, and a Polish pharmacist processed it Lviv had invented. During the First World War, bloody battles were fought here when the Russian army tried to invade Hungary via the Forest Carpathians in 1914/15. In 1918 the region came back to Poland and in Mielec and Rzeszów, the Polish aviation industry was settled. After the Second World War, the Forest Carpathians were depopulated in the Vistula action and the Solina reservoir was created.

Viticulture has been developing again in the region since the 1980s. In the meantime, the Subcarpathian region is again Poland's most important wine-growing region, in particular the warm and sun-drenched Sanok lowlands or Jasło-Krosno basin with its adjacent fertile hill country.

language

Polish is the official and colloquial language. Polish is spoken with the Lesser Poland dialect, and in the mountains also with the Goral dialect. For many Poles outside the region, the local dialects sound like singing. In the Sub-Carpathian Mountains, the foreign language skills of the population are good. Almost all of the younger residents speak very good or good English. And finally, Polish is not as difficult to learn as you might think at first.

getting there

We recommend arriving by plane, car, bus or train.

By plane

You can travel by plane from Germany, Austria and Switzerland 50.1122.0188888888891 Jasionka Airport(IATA: RZE) at Rzeszów approach. Another international airport is located nearby Krakow.

road

The road conditions and the rail network are mediocre. The journey is recommended from Krakow via the very well developed motorway Autostrada A4.

By train

The rail network is also mediocre. The journey is recommended from Krakow to Rzeszów. In the Bieszczady and the low mountain ranges there are historical narrow-gauge railways that take tourists through the mountainous landscape.

By boat

With the excursion boat you can go over the Vistula and the San arriving from the north. On the Solina reservoir Excursion boats also operate.

mobility

The center of the Sub-Carpathian Mountains is Rzeszów, from there all important places are easily accessible by car, train or bus. The fares are very low. Petrol is cheapest in Poland in the Sub-Carpathian Mountains.

Tourist Attractions

The numerous Renaissance castles of the Polish magnates and the wooden churches of the Orthodox Lemken in the mountains are particularly worth seeing. Gorlice has the world's oldest oil production tower from the first half of the 19th century. The first method of processing crude oil was discovered by a Polish pharmacist from neighboring Lviv.

• Rzeszów is the capital of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship. In the city, which was repeatedly destroyed by wars, there are still some remarkable buildings from the 18th and 19th centuries. The historic buildings on the market square were renovated only a few years ago. The parish church dates from the 15th century, the Bernardine monastery, built in the first half of the 17th century, has a rich baroque interior. There are two synagogues to the east of the market. One is used as an exhibition hall, the other as an archive. The Baroque Lubomirski Summer Palace in the south of the city designed by Tylman van Gameren is now used by the University of Education. The imposing castle of the Lubomirskis with its baroque fortification walls is used as a courthouse. There is an international airport on the outskirts of the city, from which excursion flights over the Carpathian Forest are offered. Every three years in Rzeszów there is a big festival of Poles Abroad, which is attended by citizens from many parts of the world and enriched by the folklore of their new homeland.

• Przemyśl lies on the bank of the San, close to the border with Ukraine. Today, cross-border trade characterizes the city, which is a cultural center in south-east Poland. It is known for the whistles and bells made here. The area was settled 4000 years ago, Przemyśl itself is more than 1000 years old and had its heyday during the Renaissance. Under Austrian rule, from 1876 onwards, the city was expanded into one of the largest fortresses in Europe, which was able to successfully repel attacks by Russian troops during World War I. The fortifications still shape the cityscape today. At the time of Kazimierz Wielki in the 14th century, the castle was built, which was later rebuilt several times. Today the city theater has its venue in it. Worth seeing in the old town are the originally Gothic St. John's Cathedral, which was later rebuilt in Baroque style, as well as the Baroque Carmelite Monastery, the Franciscan Church designed in the Rococo style and the Baroque clock tower. The regional museum shows local costumes and a collection of icons. In the Diocesan Museum at pl. Czackiego 2 exhibits sacred art. There are several galleries in Przemyśl. The city is known for its jazz scene. Jazz festivals take place in summer and autumn.

• Krosno lies on the edge of the Little Beskids between Nowy Sącz and the border town of Przemyśl. The oldest oil production area in the world is located here. It was there that the pharmacist Ignacy Łukasiewicz developed the first kerosene lamp in 1854. The market square of Krosno is one of the most beautiful in Poland and is framed by magnificent town houses with arcades. In the former bishop's palace at 16 Nowotki Street, there is a section on the history of lighting with a collection of old oil lamps. The oldest oil production site, opened by Łukasiewicz in 1854, is located southwest of Krosno, in Bobrka. An open-air museum with old equipment was set up there.

• Jaroslaw on the banks of the San, was an important trading center in the 15th and 16th centuries. After the destruction of the war, the city center was reconstructed again. There are stately patrician houses around the market square. The most beautiful building is the Renaissance-style house of the Orsetti family at Rynek 4, which now serves as a museum. The former fortified monastery, which is surrounded by high walls with defense towers, was also built in the Renaissance style.

• Sanok on the bank of the San is the only larger town in the Bieszczady with a population of 38,000. The castle dates from the 16th century and was expanded in the early 19th century. One of the largest collections of icons in Poland can be found there. Typical historic wooden buildings from the region are shown in the open-air museum in the Biała Góra district.

• Sandomierz has one of the best preserved old towns in Poland, shaped from the Middle Ages to the Baroque, with a brick Romanesque St. Jacob's Church, Gothic cathedral and town hall, baroque town houses around the old market, castle and former synagogue. Located about 30 km southwest Baranów Sandomierski, one of the most beautiful Polish Renaissance castles. It was built from 1579 to 1606 for the Leszyński family. The large inner courtyard is lined with arcades. The castle near the Vistula is now used as a hotel.

• Łańcut is about 10 km east of Rzeszów. One of the most important magnate's castles in Poland is located here. The two-storey building with an inner courtyard was built in the second half of the 16th century, the spacious park in the 17th century. The house was last owned by the Potocki magnate family. The interiors are sumptuously furnished. You can see a collection of paintings there, among other things. There is an orangery, a pleasure house and other buildings in the park. The Carriage Museum in the castle park shows one of the most beautiful collections of carriages in Europe. There is a hotel in a side wing of the castle. In the city, it is worth visiting the former synagogue, which today houses an exhibition on regional history.

• Lezajsk is a Bernardine monastery northeast of Rzeszów. There is one of the most famous and largest organs in the country. The instrument, built in 1693, has 5900 pipes. The monastery was built at the beginning of the 17th century by the Italian master builder Pellacini. Leżajsk is a pilgrimage center for Hasidic Jews who make pilgrimages to the tomb of Elimelech from Leżajsk. The famous Leżajsk beer is brewed here.

• Biecz lies west of Krosno. The center, which was formerly surrounded by a city wall, is a listed building. The Gothic parish church dates from the 14th century, the town hall from the 16th century. There was a school for executioners in Biecz in the Middle Ages.

• Krasiczyn is located west of Przemyśl, on the bank of the San. There is the splendid renaissance castle of the Krasicki family with a large inner courtyard. It is surrounded by an eleven hectare park. Today there is a hotel in the former coach house.

• Lesko In the small town in the Bieszczady, a late Gothic church and the castle built at the beginning of the 16th century are worth seeing. There is a regional museum in the former synagogue. From Lesko in the north to Ustrzyki Górne At the foot of the 1346 meter high Tarnica mountain, the beautiful ring road built in the 1960s leads through the Bieszczady.

• Pruchnik is an old town near Jarosław, which has numerous wooden houses with arches from the 19th century that are well worth seeing.

• Sieniawa There is a charming aristocratic palace here. It was last owned by the Czartoryski family and is surrounded by a large park. Today it is used as a castle hotel.

activities

• Winter sports in the Bieszczady or Lower Beskids.
• Ride on a historic narrow-gauge railway through the Bieszczady, starting in Majdan in the south
• Ride on a historic narrow-gauge railway through the Dynów Mountains, starting in Przeworsk to Dynów.
• Hiking in the mountains
• Riding on the high pastures or river beds of the mountain rivers
• Water sports on the reservoirs
• White water kayaking on the mountain rivers
• Feast in Sanok with regional products and wine
• Gliding near Rzeszów
• Cycling in the Sandomir Heath or along the San
• Houseboat / house raft on the Vistula

kitchen

The regional cuisine is characterized by the mountains, forests, rivers and alpine pastures. Game, forest fruits, mushrooms, fish and sheep cheese are on the menu. The Subcarpathian region is now once again the most important wine-growing region in Poland. The most famous regional beer brand is that Lezajsk from the eponymous city.

nightlife

There are some quaint pubs and restaurants in the Subcarpathian region. The nightlife is concentrated in the voivodeship capital Rzeszów.

security

It is actually quite safe, but in large crowds, e.g. in large markets or train stations - as everywhere in the world - the necessary care should not be neglected.

climate

The climate is a transitional climate from temperate to continental. The summers are generally warm to hot with mean temperatures between 16 ° C and 21 ° C and the winters are cold, with mean temperatures around -5 ° C. Precipitation falls mainly in spring and autumn, although the amount of precipitation is lower than in western Poland.

literature

See article about Poland.

Web links

• http://www.podkarpackie.pl/ - Official website of Subcarpathian Voivodeship