Slovakia - Slowakei

The Slovakia (Slovak: Slovensko or. Slovenská Republika) is a state in the eastern Central Europe. It borders in the north Czech Republic and Poland, in the east to the Ukraine, in the south Hungary and in the west Austria.

Regions

Greater regions of Slovakia

Cities

Slovakia map
  • Bratislava (Pressburg; Hungarian Pozsony) - the capital of the country
  • Banská Bystrica (Neusohl) - University town in central Slovakia, with a beautiful, renovated main square, bell tower and a remarkable gallery of contemporary Slovak art
  • Komarno (Komorn) - "capital" of the Slovak Hungarians
  • Košice (Kosice) - Eastern Slovak metropolis
  • Nitra (Neutra) - West Slovak city in the valley of the Neutra with a castle complex that is well worth seeing
  • Poprad (Deutschendorf) - suitable as a "base camp" near the High Tatras
  • Prešov (Eperies) - the third largest city in the country and the center of the Šariš region
  • Trenčín (Trenschin) - western Slovak city in the Waag Valley with a castle complex that is well worth seeing
  • Trnava (Tyrnau)
  • Žilina (Sillein) - central Slovak city with a beautiful old town and castle

Other goals

Štrbské Pleso - High Tatras
  • High Tatras - high mountains up to 2655 meters high; the untouched landscape is protected as a national park and a UNESCO biosphere reserve
  • Low Tatras - highest peak Ďumbier with 2043 m above sea level. NHN
  • Slovak paradise - National park, characterized by numerous gorges and waterfalls with spectacular hiking trails
  • Malá Fatra - Mountains that are heavily used for tourism, divided into Krivánska and Lúčanská Fatra
  • Banská Štiavnica - Former mining town, UNESCO World Heritage
  • Spišské Podhradie with the large, high medieval Spiš Castle, UNESCO World Heritage
  • Medzilaborce Andy Warhol was born in eastern Slovakia and there is a small museum dedicated to the Warhol family.
  • Vlkolínec - the village of historic, painted wooden houses allows you to travel back in time (UNESCO World Heritage)

background

Slovakia is a relatively young state, as it was with until 31.12.1992 Czech Republic formed a common state, Czechoslovakia. Slovakia has been independent since January 1, 1993, has been a member of NATO since March 29, 2004, and has been part of the European Union since May 1, 2004. Since January 1st, 2009 the euro has been used to pay in Slovakia.

getting there

Slovakia has been part of the Schengen area. This means that border controls are only available at the EU's external border Ukraine available.

By train

From neighboring countries Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Ukraine there are good international, partly direct, rail connections. The fastest route from the Polish capital Warsaw to the Slovak capital Bratislava runs through the Czech Republic.

The most important international rail routes with the border crossings (Gr):

ZSSK (Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko)Wikipedia is the state-owned Slovak railway company, it maintains the railway network and is the largest rail service provider in public passenger transport. On your Website all information is in English, but only a few in German.

RegioJetWikipedia, a Czech, alternative, low-cost rail operator, operates on some routes in competition with the ZSSK. From abroad there are currently train connections with RegioJet only from the Czech Republic. The tickets are train-bound and primarily available online and are priced according to contingents. In the Czech Republic and Slovakia, they are also sold at RegioJet counters in some train stations. RegioJet only accepts its own tickets.

The following apply on ZSSK trains InterRail- and Eurail passes as well as the European East Passbut not on RegioJet trains.

Tickets

Tickets for domestic Slovakian routes bought from ZSSK are usually cheaper than buying them abroad. In individual cases, it should be checked whether a train journey to the eastern parts of the country is cheaper with separate tickets to Bratislava plus a domestic ticket.

Some foreign railway companies have limited savings offers for trips to Slovakia with a specific train connection. For cross-border journeys between some East Central European and Southeast European countries (Bulgaria, Greece, Croatia, Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Ukraine) there is a cheap return ticket CityStar ticket. They are also available from ZSSK for trips to Austria and Switzerland, but not the other way around.

If you stay longer or more often in Slovakia, a ZSSK discount card may be advantageous, especially for children and seniors who are entitled to free transport (For details, see Public transport).

From Austria

From Vienna there are half-hourly connections to Bratislava: one connection via Marchegg to Bratislava St. (Main station), the other (a little longer) via Kittsee Bratislava-Petržalka (Periphery). From the main train station you can get to the center by tram, from Petžalka by city bus (For details, see Bratislava / Arrival by train and Petržalka / Arrival by train).

There are only two direct connections from Vienna via Bratislava: one Daily connection (Travel time 6 hours) and one Night train (EN 60406) to Košice in eastern Slovakia.

Bratislava ticket: For the journey between the capitals Vienna and Bratislava (which are only 60 km away), ÖBB offers the cheapest option Bratislava ticket, a return ticket that is valid for 4 days, but the journey must be started on the first day of the validity period and (only) on the first day it is also valid as a day ticket for city traffic in Bratislava. The ticket is valid on both routes: via Marchegg as well as via Kittsee. The ÖBB ticket costs 16 € (for children 8 €) and is therefore even cheaper than the single ticket (normal price) Vienna - Kittsee - Bratislava-Petržalka! Taking a bike with you is also included (no extra charge). The ticket is available from ÖBB counters and also from ÖBB ticket machines throughout Austria, but not via the usual destination selection, but you have to click on "Other offers" and then on "Tickets for neighboring countries". (On-line can the Bratislava ticket can be bought, but it is not available as an online ticket, but has to be "picked up", i.e. printed out, at an ÖBB ticket machine with the code sent.)

Sparschiene: The cheapest Sparschiene-Prices ÖBB to Slovakia are: to Bratislava from Linz and Graz € 19, from Salzburg € 24; from Vienna to Poprad € 24, to Košice 29 € (price as of 01/01/2018).

In the absence of available ones cheaper Sparschiene-Tickets should be from Salzburg Via Vienna travelers the offers of WESTbahn in combination with the Bratislava ticket check.

From Germany

The fastest connections from the north and east of Germany are via Prague, and from the center and south via Vienna. There is a direct daily connection Hamburg - Berlin - Bratislava (EC 173 "Hungaria"), but no direct night connections; Night transfer connections from the north partly via Munich and Vienna. From the south of Germany there are only transfer connections (day and night) via Vienna.

Saver price: The cheapest Savings prices the DB to Slovakia are: Munich - Bratislava € 39.90, Hamburg - Bratislava € 49.90 (with the BahnCard 25 to all Savings prices another 25% discount).

In the absence of available ones cheaper Saver price-Tickets should be about Salzburg and Vienna Travelers from southern Germany take advantage of the WESTbahn in combination with Bayern ticket and Bratislava ticket check.

From Switzerland

There are no direct connections, only transfer connections (day and night) via Vienna. It is unclear whether the SBB Supersaver tickets for trips to Slovakia.

By bus

In addition to other cities, there are mainly regular bus connections Vienna, Prague and Budapest to Bratislava, among others with the bus operators Postbus / line 1195 (in co-operation with Slovak Lines), Flixbus and RegioJet, also between Vienna Airport and Bratislava Airport.

When you get into the Tatra Mountains you can also go over Krakow arrive. From there, buses go to various locations in the Slovak Tatras and in the Polish-Slovak region of Orawa / Orava (German: Arwa).

Of Užhorod (Uzhhorod) in the Ukraine a bus connection runs after Michalovce in eastern Slovakia.

By bicycle

Slovakia lies on the Danube and thus on the Danube Cycle Path Vienna – Budapest. There are also numerous signposted regional bike paths, especially from Austria and the Czech Republic.

By boat

The Danube is the navigable river with the largest ports in Bratislava and KomarnoThere is a ship connection between Vienna and Bratislava: the TwinCityLiner.

road

Overall, Slovakia is quite well developed for road traffic, with the motorway network being expanded. There is also a well-developed network of trunk roads. In general, the highways and motorways run along the rail links. The four major highways are:

  • the D1 from Bratislava to Košice, (from Bratislava to Trenčín, around Žilina and at the Liptov reservoir completed, numerous sections are still under construction (Status 07/07))
  • the D2 from Bratislava to Brno (Czech Republic),
  • the D3 from Čadca to the Polish border, as well
  • the D4 from Bratislava to the Austrian border.

By plane

Bratislava owns its own Bratislava airportFlughafen Bratislava in der Enzyklopädie WikipediaFlughafen Bratislava im Medienverzeichnis Wikimedia CommonsFlughafen Bratislava (Q828379) in der Datenbank Wikidata(IATA: BTS). Ryanair takes off Frankfurt Hahn AirportWebsite of this institutionFlughafen Frankfurt-Hahn in der Enzyklopädie WikipediaFlughafen Frankfurt-Hahn im Medienverzeichnis Wikimedia CommonsFlughafen Frankfurt-Hahn (Q158211) in der Datenbank Wikidata(IATA: HHN) and Berlin Brandenburg AirportWebsite of this institutionBerlin Brandenburg Airport in the Wikipedia encyclopediaBerlin Brandenburg Airport in the media directory Wikimedia CommonsBerlin Brandenburg Airport (Q160556) in the Wikidata database(IATA: BER) to Bratislava.

Scheduled airlines that fly to Bratislava Airport (BTS) include Czech Airlines. Czech Airlines flies several times a day Prague. There are also non-stop flights from Moscow and other Eastern European cities.

The other alternative is that Vienna Airport (VIE)which is only 35 km away from Bratislava. In contrast to Bratislava, this airport has more connections, but can also be correspondingly more expensive. Drive every hour from Vienna Airport Buses to Bratislava, including with the bus operators Postbus / line 1195 (in co-operation with Slovak Lines), Flixbus and RegioJet.

Czech Airlines flies from Prague off too Košice, Sliac and Žilina at. You can also travel from Vienna to Košice as well as from Bratislava to Košice to fly.

mobility

Public transport

There are good train connections inland, which are supplemented by regional buses and some local trains. The travel speed is a little slower than in western countries, but the fares are sometimes significantly cheaper.

The railways in Slovakia leave a somewhat ambivalent impression. The local trains of the state railway company ZSSK often make an unkempt impression and are "adorned" with graffiti. The ZSSK express trains run partly with rolling stock that has been partially refurbished and in this form offers reasonable ride comfort. Some of the express trains, especially on the Bratislava – Košice route, are equipped with wagons that have been completely rebuilt from vehicles that originally came from the GDR (air-conditioning, chemical toilets, some large spaces, every seat - at least in 1st carriage class - with socket) and offer a high level of driving comfort and leave a neat impression. Several express trains run on this route every day. They usually have a dining car with them, in which you can eat relatively cheaply.

The Czech provider RegioJet offers itself on some routes as an alternative to the state railway company ZSSK. RegioJet mainly uses very modern, well-equipped and clean rolling stock. In addition, the prices are usually a little cheaper than at the ZSSK. However, the route network is significantly smaller than that of the ZSSK. Trains do not stop at all stations on the main Bratislava – Košice route, but travel time is around 50 minutes shorter.

The travel time between Bratislava and Košice is around 5 to 6 hours (approx. 450 km). Extensive construction work is in progress on the route between Bratislava and Žilina. The route is to be upgraded for speeds of up to 200 km / h. Therefore, waiting times in front of the construction sites are to be expected in some cases. But punctuality hardly suffers from it.

ZSSK and RegioJet tickets are not mutually recognized.

Train types

  • Os (Osobný vlak): "Passenger train", local train with stops in (mostly) all stations, only 2nd class
  • REX (Regionalný Express): "Regionalexpress", fast local train, mostly only 2nd class, reservations possible on some trains
  • RR (Regionalný Rýchlik): "Regional express train", 1st class, 2nd class, reservations possible
  • R (Rýchlik): "Schnellzug", long-distance train (national, international), 1st class 1st and 2nd class, minibar or dining car, reservation possible
  • Ex (Expres): Long-distance train (national, international), 1st class 1st and 2nd class, minibar or dining car, reservation possible
  • EN (EuroNight): international night train, 2nd class, 1st class (only in the sleeping car), seats only need to be reserved when traveling abroad
  • EC (EuroCity): international long-distance train; 1st class, 2nd class, dining car, reservations possible, subject to a surcharge
  • SC (SuperCity): Long-distance train (Pendolino type) Prague - Čadca - Žilina - Košice; 1st class, 2nd class, subject to surcharge and reservation, Dining car
  • IC (InterCity): Express train Bratislava - Košice (just under 5 hours), 1st class, 2nd class, Reservation required, separate tariff With 3 train and time-dependent price levels, dining car
  • RGJ (RegioJet): Trains from the alternative provider RegioJet (also with the abbreviation RJ designated; Risk of confusion with the Railjet, which is not used in Slovakia), 3 classes, prices are staggered according to quota, tickets are train-bound, reservation included in the fare

Here you can find more information about the ZSSK train categories.

Prices and timetable information

The prices are moderate for Western Europeans (ZSSK): Bratislava - Košice - Bratislava 1st class including seat reservation € 54, 2nd class € 36 (when booking online, as of January 2016), but booked in Slovakia!

Current timetables from ZSSK as well as a Route planner for trains and intercity buses (including the alternative provider RegioJet) are available online, also in German and English.

Train discount cards

ZSSK offers the following discount cards (as of June 2018):

  • Classic Railplus (35 €): With this card you get a discount of 25% on the normal price 1st class and 2nd class.
  • Junior Railplus (€ 16.50) for young people under the age of 26: With this card there is a discount of 25% in 1st class and 40% in 2nd class.
  • Senior Railplus (€ 9.90) for seniors from the 60th birthday: With this card there is a discount of 25% or more in 1st class and 40% in 2nd class.

Small surcharges have to be paid for EC and SC trains. The discount rates mentioned do not apply to IC trains; IC trains have their own tariff, whereby the discount varies depending on the distance and time of day.

The international addition is also included in all discount cards RailPlus included, which means that normal-price tickets for cross-border rail journeys are around the RailPlus- Reduce discount.

Free transport for children and senior citizens

On the ZSSK trains, children up to 15 years of age, students up to 26 years of age and pensioners under 62 years of age and, in general, senior citizens aged 62 and over are entitled to one free transportation. To do this, it is necessary to register once free of charge at a ZSSK cash desk by presenting photo ID and other documents, if applicable.
In order to be able to use a train free of charge, a ticket issued free of charge for the desired route must first be purchased at the ticket counter - Danger:The free tickets are limited. Redeemed free tickets are valid without restriction for all trains in the categories Os and REX, but are restricted to a specific train for the other train categories. Small surcharges have to be paid for EC and SC trains. IC trains (InterCity) cannot be used for free, they have their own reduced tariff. Detailed information on the ZSSK website (in German).
The ID cards for free transport are free and can be used by everyone EU citizens be requested.
For Seniors from 70 years There is an even more unbureaucratic option: If you do not have an ID card for free transport or the contingent of free tickets is exhausted, you can buy tickets at a symbolic price (€ 0.15 per 50 km) on presentation of photo ID. In this case, too, small surcharges have to be paid for EC and SC trains. There are no tickets at symbolic prices for IC trains, they have their own reduced tariff.

Annual pass for the entire rail network

MAXI KLASIK allows unlimited rail travel in Slovakia on ZSSK trains. With the exception of SC and IC trains, all trains (including EC trains) can be used free of charge. A small surcharge has to be paid for SC trains (SuperCity). For IC trains (InterCity), the lowest price level is generally to be paid. The pass is available for 1st and 2nd class and can be purchased for 6 months or a 1 year. In addition, you can choose between non-transferable and transferable for all passes. A pass is not worthwhile for tourists.

In the street

The current motorway network is not yet fully developed and the highways are heavily used, but construction is being carried out in several places. The entrances and exits of the motorway are sometimes kept risky and simple with very short turn-in lanes. The lanes of the country roads are often damaged at the edges and have ruts. However, this is constantly improving. There is a high volume of transport on the country roads, often a truck pulls a long line of cars behind it. Caution is advised.

The petrol prices are about the same as in Austria (approx. 1.20 € / l super, 1.00 € / l diesel, as of January 2016).

The traffic rules are roughly the same as in Germany. The speed limits are 50 km / h in built-up areas, 90 km / h on country roads and 130 km / h on motorways. The 0.0 alcohol limit applies, which is strictly controlled, especially at night (caution: high fines). You must also drive with dipped headlights during the day.

An electronic vignette has been required to use the motorways since 2016. The prices are € 10 (10 days), € 14 (30 days) and € 50 (1 year). Carriages with a permissible total weight (towing vehicle trailer) up to 3.5 t only require a vignette. Motorcycles do not require a vignette. The electronic vignettes replace the previous stickers. You can on-line, can be bought at almost all petrol stations and self-service machines.

Bike and on foot

There are now many well-signposted and well-developed bike connections throughout almost the entire country. In any case, there is very little traffic on the side streets, so you can cycle without any problems. The only disturbing thing is that most of the country is mountainous.

There are also many well-marked hiking routes in the Carpathian Mountains, which means that you can cross almost the entire country from west to east on foot.

By plane

Air traffic hardly plays a role in this small country. Only the domestic flight connections Bratislava – Košice are halfway usable, although due to the expansion of the road and rail network, the flight time from center to center is hardly any faster than by train or car.

language

Slovak and Hungarian (especially on the big Schüttinsel), but also Romany in Eastern Slovakia, other minority languages ​​are e.g. German, Czech, Ruthenian, Polish. At least younger people speak English or German, one tries very hard to overcome the language barrier in an emergency "mimicking or with hands and feet".

shop

Slovakia has been part of the euro zone since January 1st, 2009, which means that the euro is the official currency from now on. Payment cards are more widely accepted in Slovakia than in Germany. In many cases, contactless payment with the card is even possible.

The prices in gastronomy - especially outside of Bratislava - are still a lot lower than in western Central Europe. In retail there are hardly any price differences. Nevertheless, numerous eastern Austrians go to Bratislava to shop, but this is mainly due to the fact that the opening times in Slovakia are much more liberal: some shops are open until late in the evening and also on Sundays.

Popular souvenirs from Slovakia are:

  • Wine - especially white wine such as Riesling (Rízling) from the region around Bratislava
  • Beer - Slovak beer is hardly known internationally. But the Slovak brewing tradition is in no way inferior to its large neighbors, the Czech Republic and Austria!
  • Local handicrafts, especially woodwork, painted Easter eggs, glass blowing, etc. But be careful: the majority of what is on offer in the tourist markets is mass-produced from China (and is also identical to what is on offer in other countries).

kitchen

Bryndzové halušky and kapustnica

The Slovak cuisine is strongly influenced by the mountains and is rather heavy. Meat, cabbage and potatoes as well as fatty dairy products (cheese, sour cream, brimsen) are typical components of Slovak dishes. Many dishes are similar to those from Czech, Austrian or Hungarian cuisine. That can also be seen through the time of Austro-Hungarian monarchy explain when the kitchens of the ethnic groups influenced each other.

We highly recommend the traditional sauerkraut soup (kapustnica), which is also an integral part of the Slovak Christmas dinner, or the Brimser Nockerl (bryndzové halušky), a type of noodle, usually made from potato dough, which is eaten with a processed type of sheep's cheese (bryndza) and fried bacon . The bryndzové halušky are also considered the national dish of Slovakia. Furthermore, pierogi (pirohy), which can be filled with meat, cheese, but also jam, are very tasty. It's best to go to a salaš (sk. For alpine hut). Most of them are furnished in a typical Slovak way, and with Slovak music you get a very large selection of Slovak specialties. Freshly tapped kofola (čapovaná kofola), a counterpart to Cola / Pepsi that is available in Slovakia and the Czech Republic, should not be missing with the meal.

For vegetarians, there is traditionally little choice in a country of meat dishes, as Slovakia certainly is. In the big cities there is an extensive range of modern gastronomy that takes all types of diets (vegetarian, vegan, organic, etc.) into account. In the province, however, you have to stick to fried cheese (vypražaný syr) or fried mushrooms (vypražané žampiony), with potatoes (zemiaky), croquettes (krokety) or French fries (hranolky) and a nice portion of Slovak tartar sauce (tatarská omáčka), which are quite filling, but not very varied in the long run. Vegetable-only dishes are not so common, but you can put together a plate of side dishes. But sometimes you have to be a bit more tolerant as a vegetarian, because it can happen that you order a bean soup because it is sold as a vegetarian soup that was still cooked in beef broth or something similar. In small inns, vegetarian dishes are rarely awarded extra, you should ask the waiter if necessary.

There is less viticulture in Slovakia (mostly white wines). The beer brewing tradition is widespread and the numerous local beers are definitely among the better in Europe.

nightlife

The capital Bratislava in particular has a colorful nightlife, with numerous bars and nightclubs for a wide variety of tastes, from cheap to classy and from serious to wicked.

Finding a good pizzeria or restaurant is not a big problem in Slovakia.

accommodation

Learn

Work

public holidays

Next appointmentSurnameimportance
Saturday 1st January 2022Deň vzniku Slovenskej republikyDay of the Creation of the Slovak Republic
Thursday, January 6, 2022Zjavenie PánaEpiphany
Friday April 15, 2022Veľký piatokGood Friday
Monday April 18, 2022Veľkonočný pondelokEaster Monday
Saturday 1st May 2021Sviatok práceLabor Day
Saturday, May 8th, 2021Deň víťazstva nad fašizmomDay of victory over fascism
Monday 5th July 2021Sviatok svätého Cyrila a MetodaHoliday of St. Cyril and Method
Sunday 29th August 2021Výročie SNPAnniversary of the Slovak National Uprising
Wednesday September 1, 2021Deň Ústavy Slovenskej republikyConstitution Day of the Slovak Republic
Wednesday September 15, 2021Sviatok Panny Márie Sedembolestnej, patrónky SlovenskaHoliday of Our Lady of the Seven Sorrows, Patroness of Slovakia
Monday 1st November 2021Sviatok všetkých svätýchAll Saints Day
Wednesday 17th November 2021Deň boja za slobodu a demokraciuDay of the struggle for freedom and democracy
Friday December 24th 2021Štedrý deňChristmas eve
Saturday 25 December 20211. sviatok vianočný1st Christmas Holiday
Sunday, December 26th, 20212. sviatok vianočný2nd Christmas Day

security

Slovakia is now a safe holiday destination. The high crime rate from the early 1990s has almost completely disappeared, but it still has a negative impact on the country's image today. Tourists are most likely to face pickpocketing and trickery. Car theft or break-ins also occur. However, the situation is no worse than in other holiday countries. In general, the usual safety precautions should be observed.

In the east of the country in particular, there is strong resentment against the Sinti and Roma on the part of the Slovak population. Here there are always insults up to and including violent attacks on "Gypsies" or people who look like Gypsies in the eyes of the attackers. This is especially true for darker skinned people who should be extra careful.

Bars and clubs in the east of the country sometimes have signs "Slovaks only" at the entrance. What is meant here is that Sinti and Roma in particular are undesirable. The considerate traveler will nevertheless avoid such places in order not to support racism and exclusion!

The following information was written by the Foreign Office of the Federal Republic of Germany:

The Slovak Republic is basically a safe country to travel to. However, travelers are advised of the increased risk of theft when traveling by car. In particular, newer vehicles of the brands BMW, Mercedes, Audi and VW with foreign license plates are at risk, even if they are equipped with an electronic immobilizer. Petty crime in the form of pickpockets and car break-ins is common. Theft in hotels cannot be ruled out either. link

health

climate

Inland climate with dry, hot summers and humid, cold winters. The coldest month is January, July and August are the warmest. At higher altitudes there is snow 130 days a year. The average temperature ranges between 0 ° C in January and 21 ° C in July and August. The average maximum temperature in the summer months is around 25 ° C.

respect

The Slovaks are hospitable and obviously happy that tourists also show themselves in rural areas. In restaurants and hotels you are treated very friendly. Those who meet the Slovaks with a few bits of their mother tongue can expect to be treated even more friendly. Then the suddenly existing knowledge of the German language is always astonishing.

Post and Telecommunications

post

Slovak Post (engl.)

Cellular

There are four network operators in terms of size orange (France Télécom; cheap brand FunFón), Slovak Telecom (T-Mobile), O2 (Telefónica Slovakia) and SWAN (4G / LTE only). Purchasing a SIM card requires registration, either online or in-store. The basic packages are available from orange the GreatCard for € 10 with the same balance, the Easy-Package from Telekom costs € 9. The newcomer's network SWAN in 2015 only covers the Bratislava region, with a third of the country's population. In contrast to the others, they offer fast data transfer and "unlimited" Internet, i.e. 100 GB (!) Per month. Tesco mobile in the O2 network offers 250 MB per day for € 0.50.

literature

Web links

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