Sweden - Schweden

Sweden is the largest with around 9 million inhabitants Scandinavian Land in Northern Europe. It borders in the west and in the north Norway and in the northeast Finland. In the east the country is bordered by the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Bothnia, and in the southwest by the straits Kattegat and Skagerrak, opposite them Denmark is limited. The two main islands of Sweden are Gotland and Öland. Those belonging to Finland Åland-Islands can also be added to the Swedish culture.

Regions

Sweden can be divided into three major tourist-relevant landscapes or regions (Swedish landsdelar) be divided. Originally Sweden was in 25 historical landscapes (swedish landskap) or divided into provinces. In 1634 under Gustav Adolf the reform began, as a result of which Sweden in 21 so-called long is divided.

Die drei Großlandschaften Schwedens
Götaland (Southern Sweden) consists of the 10 southernmost provinces of Sweden.
Svealand (Central Sweden) in the southern third of Sweden is the center of the country. It contains Stockholm.
Norrland (Northern Sweden) are the sparsely populated northern two-thirds of the country.

Cities

Map of Sweden
  • Stockholm - the capital, which is spread over a number of islands
  • Gothenburg - the second largest city, on the west coast, mouth of the river Göta älv
  • Malmo - in the south, a stone's throw from Denmark away
  • Uppsala - north of Stockholm, one of the larger university cities with historical buildings and the oldest still existing university in Scandinavia
  • Västerås - 100 km west of Stockholm, north of Mälaren, Dom
  • Eskilstuna - 100 km west of Stockholm, south of Mälaren
  • Strängnäs - 100 km west of Stockholm, south of Mälaren, cathedral
  • Linkoping - 200 km southwest of Stockholm, cathedral
  • Karlstad - 300 km west of Stockholm, north of Vänern, Mouth of the Klarälven river, cathedral
  • Trollhättan - north of Gothenburg, known as the car brand's former production site Saab
  • Lund - Located a little north of Malmö, the largest university town, known for the oldest cathedral in Scandinavia
  • Helsingborg - is located north of Malmö, opposite Elsinore at the northern tip Zealand
  • Norrkoping - 160 km southwest of Stockholm, port city on the Baltic Sea
  • Jonkoping - the largest town in Småland, south of Vättern
  • Örebro - 200 km west of Stockholm, west of Hjälmaren
  • Umeå - Port city on the Baltic Sea, Mouth of the river Ume älv
  • Luleå - Port city on the Baltic Sea, Mouth of the river Lule älv
  • Kiruna - Iron ore mining halfway between Luleå and Narvik in Norway
  • Sundsvall - Port city on the Baltic Sea
  • Tärnaby - Village by the Ume älv river, not far from the Norwegian border
  • Skellefteå - Port city on the Baltic Sea
  • Hudiksvall - Port city on the Baltic Sea
  • Gävle - Port city on the Baltic Sea, railway museum
  • Jokkmokk
  • Gällivare
  • Ystad - in the very south, ferry to Swinoujscie in Poland, ferry to Rönne / Bornholm (DK)

See also:Places in Sweden

Other goals

Villa Villekulla in Astrid Lindgren's World in Vimmerby
  • HögaKusten - The high coast in the province of Västernorrland County. UNESCO natural heritage. Every year the coast stands out and is considered to be one of the most beautiful places in Sweden.
  • Are - one of the largest Swedish winter sports areas with 44 lifts
  • Sarek - the largest national park with 197,000 hectares of unspoiled nature
  • the ice hotel in Jukkasjärvi (Northern Sweden), a building made of snow and ice that melts in summer and is rebuilt every year (Homepage)
  • the island Gotland in the Baltic Sea with its medieval capital Visby
  • The Vänern is the largest lake in Sweden and the third largest in Europe.
  • Grimeton - with the only functioning machine transmitter in the world
  • Kebnekaise - the highest mountain in Sweden
  • Kungsleden - a hiking trail in Lapland
  • Lindgren's World in Vimmerby, a paradise for children who like Pippi Longstocking. Nearby are Lönneberga, where little Michel (Emil in Swedish) played his pranks, and Katthult, who doesn't know the Bullerbü children.

background

Cathedral in Lund

Although it was once a great power and three times its size in the 17th century, Sweden has not participated in a war for almost 200 years. It tries to maintain its neutrality and is considered a pioneer for peace initiatives. Politicians such as Dag Hammarsköld, Olof Palme, Hans Blix (IANA, UNMOVIC) and Anna Lindh have become known beyond the borders. The country has a large proportion of foreigners who have mostly settled in the suburbs. Sweden is a constitutional monarchy; the king Carl XVI. Gustaf has no executive rights. The Lutheran Church has a long tradition, but in this strongly atheistic society it mainly plays a cultural role.

Sweden has successfully developed its own economic model, the "welfare state", which has also been exported to other countries. Since the 1990s, however, this system had to be increasingly adapted to the changed framework conditions brought about by increasing globalization. At around 4%, the unemployment rate is one of the lowest in Europe. Sweden joined the European Union in 1995, but decided in a referendum in 2003 not to adopt the euro. The politics of the 20th century were predominantly determined by the Social Democrats.

Entry & arrival

German citizens and all other EU citizens only need a valid identity card or passport to enter Sweden. Sweden has been a member of the European Union since 1995. In addition, it has applied the Schengen Agreement since March 25, 2001. Border controls have generally not taken place since then. Since July 2014, EU citizens no longer have to register with the “Migrationsverket” even for a longer stay of more than 3 months, and they also enjoy full freedom of movement on the labor market. For citizens outside the EU, a visa (Schengen visa) is required depending on their nationality.

By plane

Stockholm

The largest airport in Sweden is Stockholm Arlanda Airport (Stockholm Arlanda Flygplats). There are flights there daily.

The city center of Stockholm is from Arlanda with Flygbussarna can be reached within 45 minutes, usually every 10 minutes, for SEK 99 (as of 2013). The train is twice as fast, which is correspondingly more expensive.

An alternative for those arriving from Germany, but not for those from Switzerland and Austria, is the Stockholm Skavsta Airport (Stockholm Skavsta Airport), which is served by Ryanair. This airport is located south of Stockholm and is with Flygbussarna within 80 minutes for 159 SEK (online price: 139 SEK, as of 2013).

Other destinations

Gothenburg
Travelers to Gothenburg and the surrounding region choose the Gothenburg Landvetter Airport. From there drives Flygbussarna every 15 to 20 minutes for SEK 99 to the city center and Gothenburg train station (as of 2013).
Malmo
Malmö owns with the Malmo Airport (Malmo Airport) also has an international airport. Flygbussarna is also responsible for the inner city connection there. An alternative in the near abroad is Copenhagen.

Furthermore, domestic flights to other cities in Sweden are offered from the above airports.

By train

Every 20 minutes the Copenhagener Central station and in the airport station there, a train with the destination Malmo from. At a fare of 80 SEK, these trains run in less than 30 minutes via the familiar one Oresund Bridge to Sweden. Trains run from Malmö to various parts of Sweden.

From Berlin runs on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays the privately operated "Berlin Night Express"to Malmö. Departure is at 11.10 pm in Ostbahnhof, arrival the following morning at 8.01 am. The prices for a single journey vary between € 250 in a single compartment and € 88 for adults aged 25 and over in a six-person compartment. Young people between the ages of 16 and On the other hand, 25 years of age pay only € 60 in a six-person compartment, children only € 18.

By bus

There are a number of bus operators operating trips to Sweden. Most of these trips are offered as an organized bus trip with an overnight stay and a tour guide. The following companies maintain regular operations:

  • Eurolines. Departure locations in Germany.
  • Swebus. Partner of Eurolines, offers its own bus connection from Copenhagen and Oslo.

In the street

Oresund Bridge from the Swedish side

The shortest way to travel from German-speaking countries is usually via the Bird airlinewhich connects Germany and Denmark.

She leads over Fehmarn and includes about an hour's ferry ride to Denmark, about 2 hours through Denmark, optionally over the Öresund Bridge (toll, closed to certain types of vehicles in strong winds) Malmo or over Copenhagen and the ferry Helsingør -Helsingborg, about 30 minutes.
Tip: If you are sure to make all four crossings on these lines, it is worth buying a "Sweden ticket" (one ticket for all four crossings. You have to decide whether you want to take the ferry or the bridge from Denmark to Sweden takes, the validity is limited to a few months, no reservation necessary). You save some money and the sometimes long waiting times at the ferry docks are shortened because you can use the machine station and don't have to wait at the cash register.

To Götaland and Svealand can be reached quickly by car. In Norrland the distances become greater; if you don't really like driving, you should take a plane rather than a car.

By boat

From Denmark

Of Denmark The following ship connections to Sweden exist from:

From Germany

Kiel
Between Kiel and Gothenburg runs one Stena Line ferry. The departure takes place around 7.30 p.m. in both ports, the arrival around 9.00 a.m. This connection is relatively expensive, but these prices are put into perspective when you have to stay in a hotel in Sweden.
Travemünde
Also between Travemünde and Trelleborg there is a regular ferry service with TT-Line. Also wrong Nordö Link (Daughter of Finnlines) from Travemünde to Malmo.
Rostock
The important link between Rostock and Trelleborg offers regular ferry services with up to six connections [1] Every day. The travel time is between 5 hours 45 minutes and 7 hours 30 minutes. Ferry companies are Scandlines and TT-Line.

From Poland

Świnoujście
Interesting for the German-speaking visitor to Sweden should also be the Polferries-Connection with the "M / F WAWEL" from Świnoujście (Swinoujscie) to Ystad be. Departure from Świnoujście is every day at 11.30 p.m., arrival the next morning at 6.30 a.m.

From other countries

Other international ferry connections, which may be less interesting, but are listed below for the sake of completeness:

mobility

With stand-by tickets you can travel cheaply within Sweden by plane to travel.

bus and train

The Swedish Railway network is not as well developed compared to the German-speaking countries, but remains the main means of transport in some areas of Sweden (e.g. Malmö-Gothenburg). Train tickets can usually be bought at the machine.

The Bus network is very close-knit and spacious. Most places can be reached by bus, but many places are rarely visited due to the low population density. Usually no cash is accepted on the bus, journeys have to be paid for with credit cards or prepaid cards have to be bought in advance.

In the street

Road signs with general speed limits at border crossings

Road network: The speed limit is always indicated. Out of town, the permitted speed is between 70 and 100 km / h, on motorways 100 km / h to 120 km / h depending on the road construction, visibility and traffic volume. If there are no signs (on less important secondary roads), the rate is 50 km / h in urban areas and 70 km / h in urban areas. Fines for speeding violations are quite high, e.g. approx. 200 EUR if the speed limit in city traffic is exceeded by 1-10 km / h. Some routes are monitored by permanently installed speed cameras, this is usually announced by traffic signs (hastily camera).

No forbearance is to be expected when encountering a moose in your car. Such encounters often end fatally due to physique (long-legged, the roof pushes in) and weight (up to 600 kg). So keep your eyes open! Drive slowly, especially on back roads where the undergrowth extends to the edge of the road. The most dangerous time is twilight. Clearings are particularly risky.

The Swedish Transport Authority maintains a website that provides up-to-date information on weather and road conditions as well as valuable general information.

The European route E6 is very well developed as a motorway MalmoHelsingborgGothenburgOslo as well as the European route E4 HelsingborgJonkopingStockholmUppsalaGävle-Umeå-Luleå-Haparanda, even if some short stretches are not yet developed in Småland. In many parts of Sweden 2 1 roads are new, with alternating one or two lanes of traffic.

taxi

Yellow license plate of a taxi

Taxi rides are a little more expensive in Sweden than in Germany. A special feature is that taxi prices are not regulated by the state. For orientation purposes, a comparative price (e.g. 10 km in 15 minutes) is given on the side of the taxi. For larger companies, this is between 300 and 350 SEK (equivalent to 34 to 39 EUR). Dubious companies charge significantly more, and double prices are not uncommon. Extremely high prices can also occur. Therefore, the comparative price should always be checked before boarding. For further journeys (e.g. to the airports of Stockholm or Gothenburg) agree a fixed price with the driver in advance black taxis Tobe offered. These are operated illegally and are not safe. Absolutely refuse. Real taxis always have a yellow license plate.

language

The national language is Swedishbut it will too Finnish and Sami spoken. Most Swedes speak very well English, but also German and French speaking people can be found. In Älvdalens socks (sv) Dalarna also uses the local language Älvdalisch spoken

Because the languages ​​are closely related, communication with Norwegians and Danes is particularly easy. Finnish, on the other hand, does not belong to the same language family.

Most Web pages offer an English version in addition to the Swedish version and, more rarely, a German version.

to buy

The prices in Sweden can be compared with those in Germany. However, groceries, especially sweets, are sometimes significantly more expensive than in Germany (VAT rate: 12%). The local currency is the Swedish krona (SEK). 1 € corresponds to between 10 and 10.5 SEK (May 2018) depending on the exchange rate. ATMs usually accept the standard cards: Visa, Mastercard and also the Maestro (known in Germany as an EC card).

Sweden is on the way to completely abolishing cash, as of 2018 it was almost completely uncommon to still pay with cash. A number of institutions - e.g. numerous campsites - no longer accept cash. It is therefore (almost) no longer necessary to get cash, in Sweden chewing gum can also be paid for by card.

If the credit card to be used has a PIN payment function, the PIN code must be known, in many places a signature is no longer possible with such cards.

Access to alcohol is like in Finland and Norway limited. Drinks with an alcohol content of more than 3.5% are only available in the so-called Systembolaget to obtain. In every major city there is (at least one) Systembolaget. They are easy to recognize by the green signs with yellow inscription. But you can also just ask for it. The chances of finding a Swede who does not know where the next Systembolaget is are very slim. Even if the system bolagets sometimes give the impression that they are more closed than open, they still offer a wide range of well-known drinks. The Systembolaget is closed on Sundays.

Refueling

In Sweden, the fully automatic petrol stations should be used outside of opening hours. The process is often as follows:

  1. Insert the card into the machine (Visa, Mastercard, Maestro) and enter the PIN.
  2. If the authorization was successful, select the desired pump number.
  3. Now you can refuel. There are often E85 (blue handle, ethanol), 95, 96 and 98 octane (green handle). There is no difference in price. Diesel has a black handle.
  4. After the refueling process, insert the card into the machine again to receive a receipt.

kitchen

Swedish cuisine, the tradition of which goes back to a time when men were still working as lumberjacks all day, is mostly based on hearty meat or fish with potatoes. Everyday food will husmanskost (i.e. home cooking) called. This can e.g. Meatballs (köttbullar) with potatoes and Cranberry jam be.

As in most other European countries are in larger cities Pizza- and Kebab stalls widespread. But there are also many Sushi restaurants and Takeaways.

You can get a "cheap" lunch if you go to Dagens Rätt (Menu of the day) keeping an eye out. It usually costs between 50 and 70 SEK and almost everywhere includes a lemonade or light beer, as well as bread and butter, a small salad and a coffee. In addition, water is always provided free of charge. Usually there are 3 to 5 dishes to choose from.

The most popular alcoholic drink from Sweden is the "Absolut" vodka. However, there is a much larger selection of Swedish vodkas, liqueurs and schnapps. Both beer and wine production are only marginally worth mentioning. Alcoholic beverages with more than 3.5 percent are only allowed in restaurants and shops of the state-owned company Systembolaget sold. You have to show your ID at the cash register.

butter and margarine are mostly sold salted. loaf is often sweetened. If you don't like that, you should look for the hint osötad Look out for (unsweetened) on the packaging.

Surstromming is a Swedish fish delicacy made from fermented herring. You can find the inflated cans in many supermarkets in the refrigerated shelves. The smell that emanates from the cans takes a lot of getting used to and the tourist should approach it with caution. Wikipedia recommends opening the can only outdoors, underwater, and gives further tips. Surstromming is allowed on the plane Not get picked up.

nightlife

accommodation

If you are looking for an overnight stay as a driver, you should look for the signs that say rum (Room) or Vandrarhem (Youth hostel) keep an eye out. Also the Stuga (Hut) is a widespread overnight accommodation option. They are available in many different sizes and configurations.

The 320 Youth hostels (SwedishVandrarhem) are all of the STF (Svenska Turistföreningen) and are all in very good condition. What is special, however, is that in Sweden youth hostels tend to be cheap hotels for families and less for young travelers. Two to four-bed rooms are the rule. As a family you are by no means alone, especially in summer when many Swedes go to the south Götaland stream.

Most Hotels are cheaper on weekends because then business people are no longer on the road. It is therefore worthwhile to take a closer look and possibly adjust the trip accordingly. Hotels often also offer discounts in connection with a tourist card or as special packages during the year. The best way to find out more is to go to the tourist office or the web.

The Everyone's right makes camping on uncultivated land surprisingly easy (see respect). However, as a wild camper you should be careful and above all considerate. It is a good idea to say "hello!" To the owner of a plot of land where you are camping. to say and ask if you can stay the night. He will not refuse because he knows the law. However, this only applies to 1 night. If you want to spend several nights in one place, you should go to a campsite. Crime has increased significantly in recent years. Tourists who stood on the major streets at night were attacked again and again. However, this problem affects the south of Sweden more. People who are able to reach a campsite are expected to do so.

Learn

Education is free in Sweden. Exceptions are universities, where you have to pay a fee of less than 500 SEK upon registration.

Some important university cities:

Work

If you are looking for a job, you can go to the state Arbetsförmedlingen (Employment agency) go. It is definitely worth a try.

public holidays

There are 11 in total legal holidays:

Next appointmentSurnameimportance
Saturday 1st January 2022NyårsdagenNew Year
Thursday, January 6, 2022Trettondedag julEpiphany
Friday April 15, 2022LångfredagenGood Friday
Sunday April 17th 2022PåskdagenEaster Sunday
Monday April 18, 2022Annandag påskEaster Monday
Saturday 1st May 2021Första majMay Day
Thursday May 13th 2021Kristi himmelsfärds dayAscension of Christ
Monday, May 24, 2021Ping daysPentecost
Sunday 6th June 2021National daysIndependence Day (1523: Gustav Wasa is elected king)
Saturday 19th June 2021Midsummer daysMidsummer day
Saturday October 30th 2021Alla helgons dagAll Saints Day
Saturday 25 December 2021July days1st Christmas Day
Sunday 26 December 2021Annandag Jul2nd Christmas Day
Midsummer festival around 1900

Who his vacation outside of the Swedish School holidays for whom the following applies: Each school determines the period of the school holidays itself. In general, the summer holidays start in early to mid-June and end in mid to late August. In February and March, from about the 7th to the 10th calendar week, the schoolchildren have a week of skiing holidays. Easter holidays are a week around Easter. Some also have a week of autumn break around the 44th calendar week and Christmas break is usually two weeks that end around January 10th.

Regular events

  • The Wasalauf (Vasaloppet) is held every year on the first weekend in March between the towns of Sälen and Mora in Dalarna hosted. The race has been held in classic technology over 90 km since 1922 and is one of the largest cross-country skiing events in the world.
  • The Walpurgis Night (Valborgsmassoafton) is on April 30th.
  • The Midsummer (Midsummer), takes place on the weekend near June 24th
  • The Cancer festival (Swedish:Strength skiva) is celebrated in mid-August to mark the opening of the cancer season. The main course is crayfish, which are boiled in salted water with dill and eaten cold
  • The Lucia Festival falls on December 13, the feast day of St. Lucia, which was the shortest day of the year before the Gregorian calendar reform. On this day children wear white robes and candles and sing Lucia songs and it becomes the traditional saffron biscuits Lussekatter consumed.

security

Moose are a particular traffic hazard in Sweden

Sweden has a reputation for being a safe country, but the crime rate is rising here too. One should therefore show a minimum of "healthy mistrust". The POLICE (swe. Polis/Polisen) is under the Emergency number 112 reachable.

Crossing the street when the pedestrian lights are red is quite common - but it is also forbidden in Sweden.

When driving in rural areas, one should pay particular attention to moose crossing the streets without paying attention to traffic. Because of the great weight of the animals and the fact that their center of gravity is above the bonnet, the collisions are seldom harmless. Locals therefore often drive slower than the maximum speed allowed.

health

The state pharmacies have signs that read "Apoteket". A basic supply of medication (headache pills, nausea, etc.) is ensured, especially in rural areas, by small pharmacies integrated into supermarkets. Smoking is not permitted in restaurants and bars.

Medical care is guaranteed via the EHIC (European Health Insurance Card), which has been issued by German health insurers since 2004/2005. You are treated like a Swede. Unfortunately, this also means that a high level of personal work is required for dental treatment (1 filling with prior X-ray approx. SEK 1000, -). For other medical problems you go to a "Vårdcentral", where doctors are usually on call (in an emergency "acute") and have to pay a fee (between SEK 100 and SEK 250).

climate

Given its geographic location, Sweden can be described as mild. The climate is rather humid, in the south it is around 0 ° C in winter, in summer around 18 ° C, in the north (except in the high mountains) around -13 ° C in winter, 13 ° C in summer.

respect

Respect for nature

An important yardstick in dealing with nature is respect for it. Since Sweden is one of the last countries in Europe with huge, almost untouched stretches of land, it is part of the good tone of a holidaymaker that he treats these magnificent landscapes carefully. In Sweden there is an old customary law called as a guide to this Allemannsratsten (Everyone's right).

The right of everyone allows:

  1. To hike off-road, except on land and plantings.
  2. Boating on rivers and lakes unless the property is private.
  3. Pick wild berries and mushrooms for consumption.
  4. To make a fire with wood lying around, provided there is no danger of forest fire and nothing is destroyed.
  5. To stay overnight at a sufficient distance from the next house for one night. If it is a private property, the owner must be asked for permission.

The right of everyone forbids:

  1. Damaging bushes or trees and entering fields.
  2. To enter property or courtyards without permission (similar to trespassing in Germany).
  3. To leave rubbish lying around or to bury it.
  4. To fish without a fishing license and to hunt without a hunting license. (Exception: at the great lakes (Vänern and Vättern) and the coast is fishing even without it Fiskekort (Fishing license) allowed.)
  5. To pick or otherwise damage plants that are under nature protection.

Every person who travels to Scandinavia should follow these rules so that nature will still be as intact in many years' time as it is today. The reindeer herding must also be observed, which must not be hindered under any circumstances. This includes not only not disturbing the reindeer, but also closing reindeer gates after crossing them.

Some of the rules of public access are generally overridden in the national parks, for example camping or a fire may not be made everywhere. Signs in the parks explain the special regulations.

Practical advice

From July 1, 2019, smoking, including e-cigarettes, is prohibited in open bar areas, in bus shelters and platforms, sports facilities, etc.

Post and Telecommunications

In southern and central Sweden, coverage by GSM900 networks is almost complete. There are also in the metropolitan areas Stockholm, Linkoping, Gothenburg, Västerås and Gävle a GSM1800 network.

There are the following major network providers in Sweden:

  • Telia (which offer the most comprehensive coverage)
  • Tele2 (Prepaid: Comviq)
  • Telenor
  • Tre (3)

You can get prepaid cards from all providers at almost all petrol stations. Registration is not necessary.

Internet use is therefore also quite cheap. A day flat rate costs around 9 kroner. Calls to Germany cost around 50 Öre (approx. 5 euro cents) due to combined tariffs in the fixed network.

Foreign missions

Federal Republic of Germany

Republic of Austria

Swiss Confederation

literature

  • "WikiReader" Sweden - Article compilation from Wikipedia (44 pages in A4 format; 1.1 MB as PDF document)
  • The travel mouse in Sweden (Angela Lenz, 2010, CD). Not only for children to listen to before a trip to Sweden - the CD also gives parents a good insight into the history, culinary specialties and sights of the country, accompanied by many songs that have catchy tunes.

Web links

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