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| Pomeranian Voivodeship | |||
| Capital | Danzig | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 2.290.070 (2013) | ||
| surface | 18,293 km² | ||
no tourist info on Wikidata:  | |||
| location | |||
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The voivodeship Pomerania(Polish: Województwo pomorskie) is a region in the north Poland. It borders the voivodeship to the east Warmia-Masuria, in the south to the Kuyavian Pomeranian and in the west West Pomerania. Its economic, cultural and population center is the so-called Tricity: Danzig, Sopot and Gdynia.
In this region you can find endless sandy beaches on the Baltic coast with the desert-like sand sea of dunes in the Slowinski National Park; Danzig as the mannerist gate of Poland; numerous Teutonic castles with the Marienburg at the Nogat as the largest castle in the world; the lake district in the Kashubian Switzerland. Fantastic water sports (surfing, wreck diving, sailing) are available at the Gdańsk Bay, especially on the Hel Peninsula.
Regions
The region gives it its name Pomerania or. Pomeranian, in which the voivodeship has a large share. Other historical regions in which the voivodeship has a share are Pomesania east of the Vistula, the Vistula Delta as well as the Kashubia with the Kashubian Switzerland, the Krajna, the Tuchel Heath and the Lands Lauenburg and Bütow west of the river.
- The eastern part of the Polish Baltic coast is in the north of the voivodeship. It is divided from west to east into:
- The Slowin Coast with the Slowinzer National Park. There are mainly smaller seaside resorts here and the area is quite sparsely populated.
- The health resorts on the peninsula Hel Peninsula are considered classy and not cheap.
- The Kashubian coast at the Cute bay and the Gdańsk Bay is the most densely populated region of the voivodeship. Among other things, this is where the TricityDanzig, Gdynia and Sopot.
- The Fresh spit north of the Fresh lagoon is sparsely populated again.
- Pomesania, or Land under the forest - as the name translates into German, lies east of the Vistula on the Eylauer Seenplatte. Partly it already belongs to the East Prussian Oberland.
- The Vistula Delta are located in the east of the voivodeship. This fertile area is mainly characterized by numerous canals and half-timbered architecture that Dutch settlers brought into the country in the early modern period.
- Pomeranian lies west of the Vistula on the Stargard Lake District.
- The Kashubia makes up the central part of the voivodeship. This is where the Eastern Pomeranian Lake District with the Kashubian Lake District and the Stargard Lake District. The sparsely populated region is known for its natural beauty.
- In the south, the voivodeship has a share in the Krajna and the Tuchel Heath (protected in Tucholer Heide National Park) already on the South Pomeranian Lake District (Krojanker Lake District) lie.
- The historical Lands Lauenburg and Bütow lie in the west of the voivodeship and already on the West Pomeranian Lake District.
- In the far north-west, the voivodeship also has a share in West Pomerania (Western Pomerania).
places
- Slowin Coast
.jpg/350px-Gmina_Krokowa,_Poland_-_panoramio_(11).jpg)
- Hel Peninsula
- Kashubian coast
.jpg/311px-00_sea_towers_(April_2018).jpg)
- Fresh spit
- 17 Stegna
- 18 Sztutowo
- 19 Kąty Rybackie
- 20 Krynica Morska
- 21 Nowa Karczma
_ID_637011.jpg/350px-SM_Stegna_Kościół_Najświętszego_Serca_Pana_Jezusa_(4)_ID_637011.jpg)
- Pomesania
.jpg/350px-Konkatedra_w_Prabutach_(2011).jpg)
- Vistula Delta
- 26 Malbork
- 27 Nowy Dwór Gdański
- 28 Nowy Staw
- 29 Tczew
_ID_636939.jpg/350px-SM_Nowy_Dwór_Gdański_Sikorskiego_9_(0)_ID_636939.jpg)
- Pomeranian
- 30 Gniew
- 31 Pelplin
- 32 Pruszcz Gdański
- 33 Skarszewy
- 34 Starogard Gdański
- Kashubia
- 35 Kartuzy
- 36 Kościerzyna
- 37 Rumia
- 38 Wejherowo
- 39 Żukowo
- Tuchel Heath
- 40 Brusy
- 41 Czarna Woda
- 42 Czersk
- 43 Skórcz
- Krajna
.JPG/350px-Czluchow_panoramy_from_castle_tower_(2).JPG)
- Lands Lauenburg and Bütow
- Western Pomerania
.jpg/320px-Węgorzyno,_torfowe_jeziorko_-_panoramio_(1).jpg)
Other goals
Kayak and houseboat trails
- Brda
- Chaust
- Czernau
- Gardenga
- Leba
- love
- Lupov
- Motlawa
- Nogat
- Piasnitz
- Radaune
- Rheda
- Schottow
- Stumble
- Stüdnitz
- Trough
- Wda
- Vistula
- Rocker
- heel
Lakes
- 1 Sorgensee
- 2 Müskendorfer See
- 3 Weitsee
- 4 Radaune lake
- 5 Zarnowitz Lake
- 6 Sarbsk lake
- 7 Lebasee
- 8 Lake Garda
.JPG/320px-POL_JEZIORO_GARDNO_DSC00257_(2).JPG)
Other goals
background
The historical-geographical name Pomorze, from which the name of the voivodeship is derived, has a much broader definition in Polish than the region commonly referred to as 'Pomerania' in German. So the area of today's voivodeship was traditionally called in German Pomeranian or Vistula Pomeranian (because it is around the mouth of the Vistula), but not counted as part of Pomerania in the narrower sense. The Polish authorities decided to translate the name of the voivodship formed in 1999 in official publications in German as 'Pomeranian', although it only partially coincides with the conventional German understanding of Pomeranian.
The historic Duchy of Pomerania formed by Slavic tribes, including the Pomorans (Polish: Pomorze, from Old Slavic po more, "By the sea") was subjugated by Poles around 990. It comprised a large part of today's Polish Baltic coast, far more than today's voivodeship of the same name. In 997 Saint Adalbert came to Pomerania to christianize the heathen Slavs who had hitherto been pagan. In the course of territorial fragmentation, the western part of Pomerania around Stettin came under influence after 1181 Denmark and the Holy Roman Empire, while the eastern part around Danzig (which roughly corresponds to today's voivodeship and was called Pomeranian in German) remained under Polish rule. This part became a principality within the Polish seniorate in 1138. However, German farmers and merchants also settled here at the end of the 12th century. In 1224 Gdansk received city rights, which quickly developed into an important maritime trade center and in 1361 became a full member of the Hanseatic League. Threatened by an attack by Brandenburg, the Pomeranian rulers called on the Knights of the Teutonic Order; After the Brandenburgers were repulsed, they conquered Pomerania themselves in 1309, causing a bloodbath in Danzig. Then other German settlers came to the country. In 1454 Pomerania came back to Poland-Lithuania after the Thirteen Years' War, which was confirmed in the Peace of Thorn in 1466. After the First Partition of Poland in 1772, it became Prussian and has since been referred to as "West Prussia".
After the First World War, the Pomeranian region, with the exception of Danzig, came to Poland and again formed the “Polish Corridor” to the Baltic Sea, which separated what was then East Prussia from the rest of the German Empire. Parts of the voivodeship also remained with the German Empire (parts of West Prussia and Western Pomerania). Danzig and Sopot formed the Free City of Danzig under the protection of the League of Nations. During the Second World War it was occupied by the German Reich; in Stutthof an extermination camp was established. After the Second World War, the entire area was assigned to Poland. Today's Pomeranian Voivodeship has existed since 1999.
The traditional settlement area of the Kashubians, a Slavic people whose language and culture are related to, but also different from, Polish. This area is also called Kashubia designated. In the 2011 census, 233,000 citizens identified their ethnicity as (also) Kashubian (multiple answers were possible: most stated that they were both Polish and Kashubian). In all municipalities in the center and in the west of the voivodeship there is an increased Kashubian population, in some municipalities they even make up over 90% of the population. A typical hallmark of the Kashubian culture is the special festive costume.
The Nobel Prize winner for literature, Günter Grass, who was born and raised in Gdansk, has the coexistence of Germans, Kashubians and Poles in this region and their mutual cultural influence in his "Gdansk Trilogy" from the novels The Tin Drum (1959), cat and mouse (1961) and Dog years (1963) set a monument.
language
Polish is the official and general lingua franca. Kashubian, a West Slavic language that is related to Polish, but also contains words from German and Old Prussian (i.e. Baltic), is spoken by over 100,000 people on a daily basis. In many places there are bilingual place-name signs.
Most Poles speak good or very good English. Some also have a second foreign language such as German, Russian, Spanish, French or Itslienisch, which are spoken and understood mainly in the large and touristic cities.
getting there
Airports
The 1 International Airport
(IATA: GDN)is located in Danzig, with direct connections from Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Other nearby international airports are at Szczytno (Olsztyn Airport) and Bydgoszcz (Bydgoszcz Airport).
Land route
We recommend arriving by car, bus or train. The road conditions and the rail network are good. The journey is recommended from Szczecin or Poses.
shipping
With the ship you can over the Baltic Sea or over the Vistula arrive.
Tourist Attractions
The numerous crusader castles of the Teutonic Order, the city of Gdansk, Kashubia and the baths on the Baltic Sea are particularly worth seeing.
activities
The Baltic Sea beach and the lake plateaus invite you to sunbathe and do water sports.
kitchen
The regional cuisine is characterized by salt and fresh water fish. The regional beer brand is Hevellius. However, it is now brewed outside the voivodeship. Danzig Goldwasser is also no longer produced in Danzig. For Polish cuisine, see the relevant section in the article Poland.
nightlife
There are a large number of quaint pubs and restaurants in Gdansk. The night life focuses on that Tricity.
security
It is actually quite safe, but you should not neglect the necessary care in large crowds, e.g. in large markets or train stations - as everywhere in the world.
climate
The climate is a transitional climate from temperate to continental. The summers are generally warm to hot with mean temperatures between 16 ° C and 21 ° C and the winters are cold, with mean temperatures around -5 ° C. Precipitation falls mainly in spring and autumn, although the amount of precipitation is lower than in southern Poland.
trips
Pomeranian Voivodeship borders the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in the south to the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship and in the west to the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. Both the "Wild East" of Masuria and the cultural monuments on the lower Vistula, such as Toruń and Grudziądz are not far.
literature
See article too Poland.
Web links
- http://www.woj-pomorskie.pl - Official website of the Pomeranian Voivodeship
