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| Altoetting | ||
| federal state | Bavaria | |
|---|---|---|
| Residents | 12.969 (2019) | |
| height | 403 m | |
| Tourist info | 49 8671 5062 19 http://www.altoetting.de/ | |
no tourist info on Wikidata:  | ||
| location | ||
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The town Altoetting in Upper Bavaria near the border to Austria was that in the time of the Carolingians Heart of Bavaria and is now one of the most visited pilgrimage sites in Germany and Europe.
background
Altötting is a co-initiator and member of the “Shrines of Europe” cooperation, which is the amalgamation of the six most important Marian pilgrimage centers in Europe, as well as Altötting Loreto, Fatima, Czestochowa, Mariazell and Lourdes.
history
The area around Altötting is a ancient settlement area, the oldest settlement finds on Kapellplatz date back to the urnfield culture (approx. 1250 to 750 BC). The almost square shape of the old Kapellplatz with a central tree planting of the linden trees suggests a Celtic hill with cult significance or an old Germanic Dingplatz.
Documented for the first time Today's Altötting is mentioned in the year 748/54 as "Autingas" under the Baier duke Tassilio III, Ötting is a farm and palace of the agilolfinger dukes von Baiern, referred to in the script as "Palatio nostro". At this point in time, Ötting is of strategic importance because of its almost central location in the Bavarian duchy and because of its proximity to important trade routes.
The Name Autingas is interpreted as a Latinized form of the proper name of a car or otto.
In 788 Tassilo III. banished and Charlemagne took over the title of duke in Bavaria, Ötting was then the Carolingian Royal Palace "Otinga". The frequent visit of the Carolingians is documented for 831, 832 and 837 under Ludwig the German, he has been King of the Bavarians since 825.
Ötting experienced the climax in the Middle Ages under his son Karlmann, a great-grandson of Charlemagne and from 876 King of Bavaria: He moved his seat of government from Regensburg to Ötting, in 877 he founded a monastery and equipped it with a palatine chapel, he also died in Ötting in 880 and was in the then Collegiate church buried. Ludwig the child, Born 893 in Ötting, became King of Eastern Franconia in 900. In all documents, Ötting is now referred to as the "Curte Regia", the royal court.
The name Altöttings comes from this period of over 1000 years ago Heart of Bavaria.
Ötting comes to Passau in 907, the time period as Königspfalz is over. In the Hungarian wars from 907 almost everything was burned down in Ötting, only the chapel remained, it was the only stone structure.
The Resurgence Altöttings begins under the Wittelsbachers, who are the regents of Bavaria from 1180 onwards. The Wittelsbachers controlled the salt trade, founded nearby Neuoetting as a trading place and secured with Burghausen and Braunau as a strategic city triangle their trade routes against the Salzburg Cities Tittmoning and Mühldorf am Inn. They also promoted the pilgrimage, initially with less success.
From the founding of the neighboring Neuötting around 1224, the name Altötting came into being.
The Pilgrimage is then massively funded from 1489, which happened wonder are distributed via pamphlets and leaflets, there is investment in church buildings and the number of pilgrims is skyrocketing. The rise of Altötting to one of the most important pilgrimage sites in Europe begins and as early as 1492 130,000 leaden pilgrimage signs were sold. The number of pilgrims fell during the Reformation and the wars of modern times. Today, more than 1 million pilgrims and tourists visit Kapellplatz and the "Black Mother of God" in the octagon of the Chapel of Mercy each year.
The legend according to which the Altötting miraculous image turned black from the candles of the pilgrims over centuries is not true. The name of the sanctuary probably results from the reference to the Bible and the Song of Songs, 1, 5-7: "Nigra sum sed formosa" - I am black, but beautiful.
The important place of pilgrimage was in 1782 by Pope Pius VI. and visited in 1980 by Pope John Paul II. The one in the near Marktl Pope Benedict XVI born as Josef Ratzinger. visited Altötting on September 11, 2006.
The most famous pilgrimages to Altötting today include, for example. the Pilgrimage to the Upper Palatinate, the Hallertau foot pilgrimage and the Regensburg diocesan foot pilgrimage.
For more information, see the topic articles Christianity and Religions (generally).
getting there
| Distances (road km) | |
| Mühldorf | 13 km |
|---|---|
| Burghausen | 14 km |
| Marktl | 19 km |
| Landshut | 64 km |
| Salzburg | 65 km |
| Munich | 97 km |
| Passau | 91 km |
| regensburg | 137 km |
By plane
The next major international airport is Munich Airport (Also "Franz Josef Strauss", 83 km, a good hour's drive). The can also be reached quickly Salzburg Airport (64 km, just under an hour's drive).
By train
The Altötting train station (Bahnhofsplatz 1, 84503 Altötting) is on the railway line Munich - Mühldorf (regional rail node) - Altoetting - Burghausen and is a stop for regional trains.
The train station is located around 600 meters south of the city center.
In the street
Altötting is around three kilometers south of the A 94 motorway (from Munich to Passau) and on the parallel federal highway B 12 (from Lindau via Munich to Passau). In the west, Altötting is affected by the federal road B 299 (from Altenmarkt to Landshut).
- The spacious journey from the west and north is best done via Munich and from there via the partially completed A 94 to the Altötting exit.
- From the south and east It is possible to arrive via the A 8 motorway (Salzburg-Munich), exit Traunstein / Siegsdorf, the B 306 and B 304 to Altenmarkt and further on the B 299 (Altenmarkt - Landshut) to Altötting.
By bicycle
The Inn cycle path runs about 3 kilometers north of Altötting on the opposite side of the Inn. Via Neuötting you can reach the town center of Altötting on signposted bike paths.
On foot
Many people come to Alötting on foot year after year. There are multi-day pilgrimages to Altötting from all points of the compass.
Tourist Attractions
The central place in Altötting is the Kapellplatz with the Chapel of Grace. Most of the sights, that is, the church buildings and also the secular representative buildings, are distributed around the square.
Churches
Chapel of Mercy
The sanctuary and destination of the pilgrimage to Altötting is "St. Maria", the "Holy Chapel" or Chapel of Grace with the "Black Madonna".
The oldest part of the chapel and core building is the octagon, which is the octagonal tower. Its construction is dated around the year 700, making it one of the oldest existing church buildings in Germany on the right bank of the Rhine. Its octagonal floor plan indicates its original function as a baptistery, according to legend, the first Christian Duke of Bavaria was baptized here by St. Bishop Rupertus of Salzburg.
The Black Madonna is an early Gothic figure of a standing Mother of God with the baby Jesus, about 70 cm high and carved from linden wood, it has been in the baptistery since around 1330 and comes from the area on the Upper Rhine or Burgundy. Popularly she is the "black Maria von Ötting".
Trigger of the pilgrimage 150 years later there are reports of two healing miracles: a drowned three-year-old boy is said to have come back to life on the altar under the "Black Madonna" in 1489 and a six-year-old boy who was crushed by a hay cart was also saved by Our Lady.
The year 1489 is considered to be the year of first pilgrimage A short time later, around 1490, the nave and around 1517 the gallery were added to the former baptistery. The sacristy dates from 1686.
In the 500 years of pilgrimage, the "Black Madonna" in Altötting has been ascribed around 50,000 large and small miracles to this day. In the vicinity of the chapel, 2000 miracles and picture panels are a testimony to the needs of the pilgrims who walk around the sanctuary, praying with wooden crosses on their shoulders and sometimes kneeling. Some of the votive tablets date from the beginning of the pilgrimage in the 16th century.
The interior of the chapel was redesigned in the first half of the 17th century. In addition to the Ganden picture itself, the silver-embossed jewelry of the is also worth seeing Grace altars, it dates from 1670 and was created by the goldsmiths Balthasar Ableithner, Franz Oxner and Johann F. Fesenmayr.
Another important silversmith's work is the figure of the Dutch master Wilhelm de Groff's "Silver Prince" kneeling at the altar. The life-size figure is an image of the ten-year-old Elector Max III. Joseph in elegant Rococo armor and was donated by Elector Karl Albrecht in 1737.
The so-called "Golden Rose" has recently been added to the figure of the "Silver Prince". It was the place of pilgrimage Altötting as the first city in Germany by Pope Benedict XVI. awarded on August 15, 2008. Pope Benedict XVI is near Marktl Born on the Inn, he visited Altötting on September 11, 2006 and laid down his bishop's ring, which he wore until his election as Pope, in front of the image of grace. This ring is now attached to the scepter of the statue of Our Lady.
They are in the chapel too Silver urns with the hearts of 21 Wittelsbach princes, they are in wall niches on the west side of the octagon. These include all electors and kings up to Ludwig III. and also the mysterious in mountain at the starnberger Lake killed fairytale king Ludwig II. The heartless body of Ludwig rests in the MunichMichael's Church. A particularly impressive heart tomb is that of the Wittelsbach emperor Karl VII, it was created in 1745 by the Munich court sculptor Johann Baptist Straub.
The church is freely accessible during the day and well-attended, and services are held at regular intervals.
Abbey Parish Church
The collegiate parish church St. Philip and Jacob has origins as far back as the 9th century: The Palatinate Basilica, built by King Karlmann in 876 with the Canons' Monastery, in which he was also buried three years later, is historically proven: the royal tomb was rediscovered in modern times. An even older church at the time of the Agilolfing ducal court in Altötting has not been documented with certainty. The basilica of the Canons' Monastery was destroyed in the "Hungarian Tower" of 907.
In 1228 a two-tower Romanesque basilica was rebuilt on the same site.
Today's church was built from 1499-1511 as a result of the need for pilgrimages and under the direction of the builders Jörg Perger and Ulrich Häntler, it is considered the last late Gothic three-aisled hall church in southern Germany. The Gothic new building at that time was carried out with the inclusion of parts of the Romanesque basilica, including the "westwork" with the "Romanesque portal".
The exterior of the church has remained largely unchanged since then, the interior was redesigned at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century in the style of classicism, the altars and choir stalls date from this period.
Particularly worth seeing are the carved north and south portals, both from the Gothic period, and the more than three meter high crucifix on the north wall of the presbytery that surrounds the Leinberger School is attributed.
The famous "Death of Eding" is a grandfather clock with a skeleton, reminding of the time of the plague.
The organ front comes from the Rococo period and was created in 1724 by the Altötting painter Johann Philipp Löderer.
That is also worth seeing Cloister in the south of the church with three chapels and further chapels in the south-east and in the south-west around the collegiate church, the north side is the side to the Kapellplatz.
1 Altöttinger collegiate parish church of St. Philip and James, Kapellplatz 28 (at Kapellplatz). Tel.: 49 8671 62 62. 
St. Anne's Basilica
The St. Anna church is the largest in Altötting and was rebuilt at the beginning of the last century and in the years 1910-12 to meet the increased demand from pilgrimages. The interior of the church is 83 meters long, 27.5 meters wide and, with the nave 24 meters high, has space for over 8,000 people. It is the largest church building of the 20th century in Germany.
The architect was Johannes Schott, he designed the building in a historicizing style in the neo-baroque style and based on the structured front of the monastery church Fürstenfeld Monastery. The church was consecrated on October 13, 1912 and raised to the rank of papal basilica by Pope Pius X in 1913.
The church was initiated and financed by the Capuchins, but for legal reasons of the statute they were not allowed to be the owners and have leased the church. The owner of the basilica is the Marian Congregation for Men in Altötting. The old St. Anna Church of the monastery was renamed St. Konrad in 1953.
Inside are the mighty high altar and the 12 side altars.
2 St. Anne's Basilica, Bruder-Konrad-Platz 1 (north of Kapellplatz).
St. Magdalena Church
The Jesuits were called to Altötting by Duke Wilhelm V for pilgrimage pastoral care in 1591 and stayed until the Jesuit order was abolished in 1773.
From 1593 a monastery complex with a small church was built. Today's St. Magdalena Church was built from 1697 to 1700 as a wall pillar construction in the "Jesuit Baroque" style and with lavish stucco inside.
After the Jesuits, first the Maltese took over, then the Redemptorists, and on October 4th, 1874, the Capuchins took over the church.
Inside the church, the baroque furnishings are worth seeing, the side altars from 1712 with paintings by the Munich court painter Johann Caspar Sing, the high altar from 1795 with a painting of St. Magdalena under the cross, created in 1794 by the Munich court painter Chistian Winck and the ceiling painting with St. Magdalena.
Saint Konrad Monastery
After the end of the Thirty Years' War, the Franciscans were called to Altötting to promote the pilgrimage. In 1654 construction began on the church, and in 1657 it was consecrated as "St. Anna".
During the secularization, the Franciscans had to leave the "St. Anna" monastery in 1802, under King Ludwig. I. Then the Capuchins were called in 1822 to take care of the pilgrimage to Altötting.
From 1849 to 1890 is Brother Konrad (Konrad von Parzham, 1818 - 1894), in the monastery porter, he was on May 20, 1934 because of his services to the care of the pilgrimage and pilgrims by Pope Pius XI. canonized.
In 1953 the monastery church in Brother Konrad Church renamed, in 1961 the entire previous St. Anna Monastery was renamed Sankt Konrad Monastery after the saint, the feast day of Saint Conrad is April 21 (death day).
The old Monastery church The interior is rather simple and unadorned in the style of the mendicant order, the current design dates from 1960. The crucifixion group by the South Tyrolean sculptor Siegfried Moroder from that year is worth seeing, a sarcophagus with a replica of the saint and the main relic in a reliquary.
From April 2008 the monastery complex of the Sankt Konrad monastery was extensively renovated and rebuilt and inaugurated again in 2009.
Other churches
- The St. Joseph's Church of the English Misses (Congregatio Jesu) was built from 1734 to 1737 by Government Building Director Augustin Wiedemann and Pallier Josef Leberer. The frescoes and altar paintings are attributed to Innocent Anton Waräthi from Sterzing. The church is located at Neuöttinger Straße 8, northeast of Kapellplatz.
- The St. Michael's Church is the cemetery chapel and was consecrated in 1469. It is located a few 100 meters north of Kapellpaltz on Neuöttinger Straße.
- The Schrempf Chapel (also Jetz-Kapelle) stands in the Altötting suburb of Unterschlottham and was consecrated on November 16, 1834.
- The parish and pilgrimage church Mariae Visitation stands in the Unterholzhausen district and was built from 1460 to 1470 in the Gothic style. The net rib vault in the otherwise rather simple church building is worth seeing.
Museums
- New treasury (House of Pope Benedict XVI, Pilgrimage museum, museum shop), Kapellplatz 4b, 84503 Altötting. Tel.: 49 8671 9242015, Fax: 49 8671 9242027. The museum was opened on May 15th, 2009 and its main theme is the pilgrimage to Altötting. The most important exhibit of the exhibition is the work of art popularly known as the "Goldene Rössl", a small Marian altarpiece made of gold and enamel, it dates from 1404 and has an insurance value in the millions. There are also numerous consecration offerings such as rosaries, pieces of jewelry, coins, chalices and priestly robes to see.Open: The. - Sun .: 10 a.m. - 4 p.m.
- 3 Brother Konrad Museum, Kapuzinerstraße 1, 84503 Altötting.
.The museum provides information in a small museum room about the history of the Capuchin order in Altötting and their support for the pilgrimage and about the life and work of St. Brother Konrad.Open: April to the end of October daily 8 am to 5 pm.
- Altötting diorama show, Kapellplatz 18, 84503 Altötting. Tel.: 49 8671 6827. The history of the pilgrimage in Altötting in a show of 22 three-dimensional large pictures with over 5000 three-dimensional figures.Open: Easter to October daily: 10 am-3pm.
- Jerusalem Panorama Crucifixion of Christ, Gebhard-Fugel-Weg 10, 84503 Altötting. Tel.: 49 8671 6934. The only historical large-scale panorama in Germany as a total work of art consisting of architecture, painting, stage design and natural light production, the canvas area is approx. 1200 square meters. The work of art was created by Prof. Gebhard Fugel (1863 - 1939).
- City Gallery, Kapellplatz 2A, 84503 Altötting. Tel.: 49 8671 50623819. Changing exhibitions.
activities
Regular events
- City festival: At the end of July around Kapellplatz;
- Altöttinger Kirta: Parish fair always around October 3rd.
- Christmas market every year in Advent.
- International Forum Alötting: every year at the beginning of August
shop
There are numerous souvenir and souvenir shops around Kapellplatz, the focus here is on sacred pilgrimage needs. The offer includes the Black Madonna in all sizes, figures of saints, angels, candles, crosses, etc.
- St. Antonius Bookstore, Kapellplatz 22, 84503 Altötting. Tel.: 49 8671 69 29.
- Books and stationery Fraundorfner OHG, Marienstraße 2 a, 84503 Altötting. Tel.: 49 8671 5172.
A industrial Estate with various shopping and hardware stores is located in the east of the city on Burghauser Strasse.
kitchen
In Upper Bavaria, the church is in the center of the village and the inn right next to the church, which is no different in Altötting at Kapellplatz: when the soul is taken care of, the physical well-being must not be neglected.
- Munich court (Inn, hotel, summer terrace), Kapellplatz 12, 84503 Altötting. Tel.: 49 8671 6868, Fax: 49 8671 12153.
- Altöttinger Hof (Inn, hotel, summer terrace), Mühldorfer Strasse 1, 84503 Altötting (at Kapellplatz). Tel.: 49 8671 5422, Fax: 49 8671 5476.
- Graminger Weissbräu (Brewery inn, regional and seasonal Bavarian cuisine), Graming 79, 84503 Altötting (in the south of Altötting near the outdoor swimming pool). Tel.: 49 8671 9614 0.
accommodation
Cheap
- RV park
medium
Upscale
- Hotel Zur Post * * * * (Hotel, inn), Kapellplatz 2, 84503 Altötting. Tel.: 49 8671 5040, Mobile: 49 8671 6214. The house is one of the oldest gastronomic establishments in Bavaria and was mentioned as early as 1280. For centuries, the post office is a courtyard tavern and "relay" station on the route between Munich and Vienna and a hostel for princely pilgrims, cardinals, bishops, archdukes and kings as well as famous artists of the past (Mozart) and guests in modern times (Joseph Alois Ratzinger, later Pope Benedict XVI., And the Federal Presidents Herzog and von Weizsäcker). The current hotel building was rebuilt from 1646 after a fire earlier in 1630, 1685–1688 it was built by the famous Italian master builder Enrico Zuccalli (Nymphenburg Castle, Schleissheim Palace) redesigned in the style of the Italian Baroque.
Learn
- Vocational school for music Altötting (Max Keller School), Kapellplatz 36, 84503 Altötting. Tel.: 49 8671 1735.
health
| Brief information | |
| surface | 23.38 km² |
|---|---|
| Phone code | 08671 |
| Post Code | 84503 |
| Mark | AÖ |
| Time zone | UTC 1 |
| Emergency call | 112 / 110 |
- Michaelmas pharmacy, Neuöttinger Strasse 30, Altötting. Tel.: 49 (0)8671 4360.
- Antonius pharmacy, Bahnhofstrasse 4, Altötting. Tel.: 49 (0)8671 8080.
- General practitioners and Specialists are represented several times in Altötting.
- Altötting District Clinic, Vinzenz-von-Paul-Straße 10, 84503 Altötting (about 600 meters north of the center). Tel.: 49 8671 5090.
Practical advice
- Pilgrimage and Tourist Office, Kapellplatz 2a, 84503 Altötting. Tel.: 49 8671 5062 -19, Fax: 49 8671 85858, Email: [email protected].
- The area code for Altötting is 08671, from abroad you dial 49 8671.
- The postal code for Altötting is 84503.
- There is not a single pure one in Altötting Post office more. A wide range of postal services is available from the bookstore Dr. Naue GmbH (Neuöttinger Straße 1, 84503 Altötting) near Kapellenplatz. Stamps are also available from Lotto-Toto Eva Blüml (Mühldorfer Straße 8, 84503 Altötting), and a parcel shop at Order Shop-Geldankauf Halder (Mühldorfer Straße 30, 84503 Altötting).
trips
- That close Marktl am Inn is the birthplace of Pope Benedict XVI, who was in office until February 2013, with his birthplace, the Benedict column and the Marktl local history museum.
- Neighboring cities with city squares in the beautiful Inn-Salzach style are e.g. Neuoetting, Mühldorf am Inn, Burghausen, Wasserburg am Inn and in Rupertiwinkel the cities Teisendorf, To run and Tittmoning.
- The Upper Austrian one lies just across the Austrian border Braunau am Inn.
literature
- : 978-3795411954. Südost Verlag, 2007 (2nd edition), ISBN 978-3896821744 ; 127 pages. € 29.90
- : Bavarian pilgrimage Altötting: history - art - folk custom. Schnell & Steiner, 1998 (4th edition), ISBN 978-3795411954 ; 128 pages.
- : Altötting: Myth, History, Truth. Sequence media production, 2004, ISBN 978-3935977500 ; 288 pages.
- Pilgrim cycle paths to Altötting: 14 cycle tours on long-distance routes to Bavaria's famous pilgrimage.. Galli, Hohenwart, 2003, ISBN 978-3931944872 , P. 81. € 7.90
Homeland thriller:
- : Altötting: detective novel. German paperback publisher, 2007, ISBN 978-3423209700 ; 256 pages. € 8.95
Web links
- http://www.altoetting.de/ - Altötting's official website
- Administration d. Holy Chapel: www.altoetting-wallfahrt.de
- Altöttinger Wirtschaftsverband e.V .: www.wirtschaft-altoetting.de
- Altötting district: www.lra-aoe.de
- Altoetting in RegioWiki Lower Bavaria and Altötting
