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| Friedland | ||
| federal state | Lower Saxony | |
|---|---|---|
| Residents | 13.300 (2019) | |
| height | 181 m | |
| Tourist info | 49 55 04 99 97 36 Friedland Tourist Association | |
no tourist info on Wikidata:  | ||
| location | ||
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Friedland is place and a church in Southern Lower Saxony. The place is about 12 km south of Goettingen on the border with Hesse in Leinebergland and with the border transit camp it houses an important place in German history.
background
Friedland is located in the border triangle Lower Saxony - Thuringia - Kassel and is always the center of historical events due to this border location that has existed for centuries. Established as a defensive structure Fredeland, First mentioned in 1285 and destroyed in the Thirty Years War, the area later fell to the city Goettingen. As a result of the division of Germany within Germany, Friedland suddenly became the focus of world political events in 1945, here the American, English and Russian zones of occupation collided and soon increasing flows of refugees were recorded. In order to accommodate these refugees as well as those returning from the war, the British zone administration founded the so-called border transit camp as early as 1945, in which over 4 million people have found temporary accommodation over the years. Through the visit of Konrad Adenauer, among others, and later through the negotiations on the border transit camps to be maintained in Germany, Friedland repeatedly came into the focus of the German public. As Gateway to freedom it will probably be remembered by all those who returned to Germany via Friedland or who found a new home here. Many of them have been visiting the place regularly since then.
Apart from its history, Friedland is also the administrative seat of the municipality of the same name. The following villages belong to the eponymous main town: Ballenhausen - Deiderode - Elkershausen - Groß Schneen - Klein Schneen - Lichtenhagen - Ludolfshausen - Mollenfelde - Niedergandern - Besenhausen manor - Niedernjesa / Reinshof - Reckershausen - Reiffenhausen - Stockhausen.
getting there
Friedland is conveniently located in terms of transport by a railway line, two nearby motorways and a federal road.
By plane
The nearest commercial airport is the one about 150 km to the north Hanover Airport
(IATA: HAJ), from which you can get in about one and a half to two hours with a change in Hannover Hbf and Göttingen.
By train
Friedland is on the railway line Hanover Southern Railway through the Leinetal, which is on the Kassel-Göttingen route from Cantus is driven on. Connections every hour on weekdays Goettingen, in the opposite direction kassel and Bebra. In addition, connections to Thuringia up to Erfurt.
1 railway station Barrier-free access to the train station: Direction Göttingen east of the level crossing, direction Hann. Münden or Eschwege west of the level crossing. Regional traffic: VSN and NVV.
The station building, which was of central importance for the history of Friedland as the arrival point of hundreds of thousands of refugees and war returnees after World War II, has been converted into a museum. It is therefore no longer in use as a service building. Ticket machines are located at the entrances to both platforms.
By bus
The villages of the municipality can be reached by the following bus routes VSN connected to the core location:
- 130 Göttingen - Rosdorf - Obernjesa - Dramfeld - Friedland - Groß Schneen
- (Groß Schneen -) Friedland - Deiderode - Atzenhausen - Dramfeld
In the street
- From the east you reach Friedland the A 38, exit 2b (Deiderode), from there via Elkershausen to the B 27, crossing under the A38 you reach Friedland in just under 2 km from the autobahn.
- From the south or north if you leave the A7 at Dreieck Drammetal on the A38 and also leave the motorway at exit 2b (Deiderode).
- From the West Coming via the A 44 and A 7 via Kassel, then as above from Dreieck Drammetal onto the A38.
Furthermore, the B 27 from the north from Göttingen and from the south Eschwege coming through Friedland.
By boat
The rope is not navigable, but suitable for canoe and paddle tours, so water hikers can also travel this way. It should be noted, however, that the Leine is still a narrow river here and has only been practically navigable for a few kilometers. From Friedland, however, it becomes a good area, but only up to Northeim is passable, then you have to go north of Salzder heroes implemented if you want to continue paddling.
By bicycle
The Leine-Heide cycle path leads through Friedland. Coming from the south you can get from Heiligenstadt in 23 km via Uder, Kirchgandern and that Besenhausen manor to Friedland, coming from the north it is about 13 km from Goettingen out.
The run a few kilometers south Werra cycle path and the Cycle route Grünes Band Deutschland / Iron Curtain Trail. From both of them there is a rather steep ascent from the Werra valley via Neu-Eichenberg into the Leinetal to Friedland.
On foot
Friedland is a pilgrimage station on the newly created 2005 Loccum-Volkenroda pilgrimage route, which leads in 17 daily stages along the Weser, through the Solling and then along the Leine and Unstrut. From Friedland, the north-western stage leads in 22 km Dransfeld, the south-east in 21 km after Heiligenstadt. Pilgrims get that Pilgrim stamp in the St. Norbert Church, St. Norbert-Platz 2 opposite the camp in Heimkehrerstraße, daily from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m., or in the small Protestant church, Am alten Schulplatz, on the south-eastern edge of the town. There is also one Pilgrims' hostel in the town.
mobility
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The center of Friedland is easy to explore on foot, and parking spaces can be found almost everywhere without any problems. 2 Parking behind St. Norbert
Those who shy away from the steep ascent from the village to the homecoming monument can drive part of the hill to the 3 Car park for the homecoming memorial drive up, but even then cannot avoid a rather steep walk.
Tourist Attractions
Friedland warehouse and museum
Friedland is the seat of the still used 1 Border transit camp It was originally established as a reception camp for refugees after the Second World War. In September 1945 it was set up by the British troops on the site of an agricultural research institute at the University of Göttingen due to the confluence of three zones of occupation (British: Lower Saxony, American: Hesse, Russian: Thuringia). The camp residents - initially mainly refugees and displaced persons, later soldiers, many of whom were released from captivity, lived first in stables, then in quickly built Nissen huts, some of which have been preserved to this day.
Until 1955, the last prisoners of war from Siberia arrived at the "Gateway to Freedom". The search for relatives or a new place of residence was organized from Friedland. In addition to the repatriates from the former Soviet states, refugees from Hungary and boat people from Vietnam were also temporarily accommodated here. In addition to the site itself, you can visit the historic corrugated iron Nissen huts, in which there is a small exhibition about the various phases of the camp. It is also worth seeing and meaningful for many former residents of the camp Homecoming or camp bellwhich was rung when transports of war returnees from the Soviet Union arrived between 1953 and 1956. Guided tours through the warehouse can be requested at 49 55 04 80 30. Today the camp is the central German contact point for ethnic German repatriates and Jewish immigrants from the former Soviet Union, for whom the so-called integration courses are also offered here. Asylum seekers also live in the camp.
- 1 Friedland Museum, Bahnhofstrasse 2. Tel.: 49 (0)5504 9492567, Email: [email protected].
Open: Wed-Sun 10 a.m.-6 p.m., closed Mon Tue.Price: 5 €, reduced 3 €, free admission up to 18 years of age.
Churches
2 St. Norbert, Catholic Church on Heimkehrerstraße, open daily from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. The church, part of the border transit camp, was consecrated in 1955. The church was built to replace the earlier camp chapels, which had been set up in a wooden barrack or in a Nissen hut. It now contains various paintings and objects from the earlier chapels, which relate to the history of the camp: A painting by the Italian painter Elena Mazzari Friedland under the cross, the homecoming sculpture by the sculptor Fritz Theilmann and the so-called Jonah window.
3 Possibly church
various
4 Homecoming memorial on the Hagenberg It was created at the instigation of former German prisoners of war who wanted the memorial to be understood as a reminder of their return to Friedland. The initiative also went back to the instigation of the then Federal Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, who personally traveled to Friedland in 1966 to lay the foundation stone. The monument itself consists of 4 concrete segments that are up to 28 m high. A total of 12 panels are attached to it, which are dedicated to the various groups of displaced persons and in particular mention the German casualty figures in World War II. Because of this focus and ambiguous formulations on some boards, which do not reveal a clear position on German responsibility for World War II, the homecoming memorial was and is not undisputed. The way to the monument is signposted from the main road in the direction of the A38 to the end of the village, there is a parking lot below the monument, but then a rather steep footpath has to be climbed. There are also footpaths from the village up to the hill.
- 2 Southern meridian sign The last one received Meridian sign by the Göttingen mathematician and astronomer Carl-Friedrich Gauß can be found about 1.5 km east of Friedland in Friedländer Holz. Gauss had this stone sign erected in 1819 in order to use it for his astronomical telescope in the meridian circle on the Göttinger Adjust observatory. The meridian sign can be reached after a somewhat more strenuous walk uphill by following the signs for the Loccum - Volkenroda pilgrimage route from the Friedländer sports field: cross the country road and up the hill. From the edge of the forest it is a good 1 km further uphill. The meridian stone at a height of 332.8 m is signposted, an information board on the stone provides information about the background of Gauss's measurements. The aisle that Gauss had cut for 100 thalers back then has unfortunately not been preserved, so that it is no longer possible to see Göttingen from the meridian sign.
activities
- 1 Forest swimming pool in Reiffenhausen
- 2 Welljadis, Im Hohen Feld 6, 37133 Friedland. Tel.: 49 (0)5504 937 131, Email: [email protected]. Sauna and wellness.
shop
- 1 Edeka Supermarket at the beginning of Heimkehrerstraße.
- 2 A Sparkasse branch is located on Schulstrasse.
kitchen
1 Hotel-Restaurant Landhaus Biewald, Weghausstrasse 20, Friedland. Tel.: 49 (0)5504 93 500. Friedland may seem a bit inconspicuous to some, but it can serve with a highly decorated kitchen: Im Country house Biewald With Daniel Raub, a master chef cooks who was again awarded 16 points by Gault Millau and one star by the Michelin Guide for the kitchen in his "Genießerstübchen" for 2016. This makes him head chef of the only starred restaurant in Southern Lower Saxony. In addition to the highly decorated kitchen, the normal restaurant and the adjoining beer garden also offer the right resting place (not only) for cyclists on the Linen Cycle Path that leads past.Open: Mon Tue days off.
2 Michel Inn, Bahnhofstrasse 1, Friedland. Tel.: 49 (0)55 04 252.
3 Guest house Wollenweber, Mahlmannstrasse 13, 37133 Friedland. Tel.: 49 (0)5592 427. The Ribs of the inn Wollenwebers in the district of Lichtenhagen are legendary in the region, so there is even one Rib Trail from Reinhausen a few kilometers away. You can also easily drive to the place by car.
4 Schillingshof, Lappstrasse 14, 37133 Groß Schneen. Tel.: 49 (0)5504 228, Email: [email protected]. In the district of Groß Schneen is the Schillingshof with head chef Stephan Schilling no less known than the Landhaus Biewald. In the upscale ambience of an old half-timbered house in the center of Groß Schneen, regional cuisine is celebrated at a high level, which is rewarded with 17 Gault Millau points.Open: (closed on Mon Tue).
nightlife
If you are looking for a more sophisticated range of nightlife than the local gastronomy has to offer, you should head to the university town 12 km away Goettingen make, which offers a very broad spectrum in this regard. Stamina in the nightlife is, however, required for those who want to use the conveniently located rail connection for transport: on weekends the last train leaves at 11:59 p.m., then back to Friedland at 7 a.m. in the morning. It looks a little better during the week.
Alternatively, there are also Hann. Münden or something more distant kassel for night owls.
accommodation
- 1 Hotel Biewald, see below kitchen
- 5 Michel Inn, see below kitchen
- 2 campsite. Tel.: 49 (0)5504 7098. There is an adjacent forest swimming pool in Reiffenhausen, a few kilometers away.
- A Pilgrim accommodation for pilgrims on the Loccum-Volkenroda pilgrimage route offers the 3 Caritas office, Heimkehrerstraße 11, 37133 Friedland. Pre-registration by telephone on Tel. 49 (0) 5504 261 from Mon-Thu 8 a.m. to 4 p.m., Fri 8 a.m. to 12 p.m. Outside of these hours, please call 49 5504 1202.
health
3 Dental practice Anja Kirchner, Ballenhäuser Weg 4, 37133 Gross Schneen. Tel.: 49 (0)5504 1606.
Clinics and Emergency room can be found in the nearby Goettingen.
Practical advice
4 Friedland municipal administration, Bönneker Strasse 2, 37133 Friedland. Tel.: 49 (0)55 04 80 20, Fax: 49 (0)55 04 80 240, Email: [email protected]. Open: Mon - Thu 8.30 a.m. - 12.00 p.m., Fri 8.30 a.m. - 12.30 p.m., Tue 1.30 p.m. - 3.30 p.m., Thu 1.30 p.m. - 5.30 p.m.
Postal code: 37133, area code: 05504.
5 A small Post office is located in the beverage store on Heimkehrerstraße.
trips
- It is only a few kilometers south Besenhausen manor with a courtyard cafe and hand weaving mill.
- To the university town 12 km away Goettingen.
- To Hanstein Castle and on the Devil's pulpit.
- The three rivers city Hann. Münden is obvious and worthwhile for a trip.
literature
Web links
- http://www.friedland.de - Friedland's official website
