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| State of Salzburg | |
| Capital | Salzburg |
|---|---|
| Residents | 558.410 (2020) |
| surface | 7,156.03 km² |
| Tourist info | 43-662-66880 www.salzburgerland.com/ |
| location | |
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Salzburg, (also Salzburgerland) is a state of Austriaaround five-sixths of its land area is covered by mountains or mountains. It borders on the north and northeast Upper Austria (Salzkammergut), in the southeast to the Styria, in the south Carinthia, to the southwest and west Tyrol and in the northwest to that Berchtesgadener Land in Bavaria (Germany).
Regions
The six regions of the country are identical to the political districts.
- Salzburg (District City of Salzburg): The area of the City of Salzburg in the Salzburg Basin.
- Flachgau (District Salzburg-Umgebung): The foothills of the Alps with part of the Salzkammergut.
- Tennengau (Hallein district): The Limestone Alps and the Lammertal.
- Pongau (Sankt Johann district): The middle Salzach and the upper Ennstal.
- Pinzgau (Zell am See district): The upper Salzach and upper Saalach valleys.
- Lungau (Tamsweg district): The upper Murtal.
places
- Salzburg (424 m), city with its own statute and capital of the state
- Hallein (447 m), district capital of the Tennengau
- Zell am See (750 m), district capital in Pinzgau
- Saalfelden (744 m), main town in the upper Saalachtal
- Mittersill (790 m), main town in Oberpinzgau
- St. Johann (565 m), district capital in Pongau
- Bischofshofen (544 m), municipality in Pongau
- Bad Gastein (1002 m), fashionable health resort and winter sports community in Pongau
- Radstadt (858 m), capital of the eastern Pongau
Other goals
- Werfenweng
- St. Gilgen at the Wolfgangsee
background
Starting from the city of Salzburg, the region was shaped by the Salzburg archbishops from the early Middle Ages. From the High Middle Ages to the beginning of the 19th century, Salzburg was known as Prince Archbishopric of Salzburg a separate Catholic state. From 1803 to 1810 Salzburg was a Electorate of Salzburg Part of the Austrian Empire and then for a few years as Salzach district part of Bavaria. After the Congress of Vienna in 1816, the state of Salzburg became part of Austria: until 1850 it continued as Salzach district part of Upper Austria, then until 1918 as the Austrian crown land. Salzburg has been a federal state since the fall of the monarchy in 1918. During the occupation after the Second World War (1945–1955) it was part of the US sector.
Typical for the State of Salzburg are traditional names for parts of the country: The districts are Gaue called. The name is older than and therefore independent of the renaming of countries in Gau in National Socialism. The Gebirgsgaue Lungau, Pongau and Pinzgau as well as at most the southern Tennengau are still often called Inner Mountains in summary, the - less often - that Out of the mountains (= the flatter land from about north of Hallein) is compared. From time immemorial, the designation has also existed in bordering areas of the federal state as a designation for not precisely defined areas of the state of Salzburg in Salzburg.
language
The language is German with regional tints, whereby the dialects (like almost all in Austria) belong to the Bavarian dialects. There are clearer dialectal characteristics in the mountain regions, but they are on the decline. Typical Salzburg vocabulary is rarely found in everyday life and mainly refers to down-to-earth tradition.
English is generally understood and used as a foreign language, but sometimes, especially in rural regions away from the tourist centers, often only very poorly or not at all.
getting there
- By plane: the city Salzburg disposes with the W. A. Mozart Airport about the second most important airport in Austria. Connections from and to many European metropolises.
- By car: from Germany via the autobahn Munich - Salzburg, from Vienna via the A 1 western motorway, from Italy and Villach via the Tauern Autobahn A 10.
- By train: The Salzburg Central Station is the stopping point for all international trains.
- By bus: Several long-distance buses from Munich run to the city of Salzburg every day. The final stop is Salzburg Central Station (back).
mobility
By car
The country is well developed for road traffic; the road conditions correspond to Central European standards. Remote mountain roads can be narrow and steep. The side valleys of the Salzach in the area of the Hohe Tauern National Park are closed to private traffic. There are many entrances to mountain huts, but mostly reserved for the operators. There is usually enough parking space at the foot of busy hiking trails.
- Motorways and expressways
- In the state of Salzburg there are only the following of the federally operated long-distance roads:
- Westautobahn (A1) in the north of the country in west-east direction (further to Innsbruck and Munich as well as to Linz and Vienna)
- Tauern Autobahn (A 10) starting at Salzburg node in north-south direction (further to Villach)
- Apart from the motorways, there are only occasional four-lane road sections; there are no designated expressways in the state S.-Category.
- State roads
- Preserving the earlier Federal highways (Numbering with the letter B.) is now the task of the federal states in Austria. In the state of Salzburg, the most important of these main roads are as follows:
- Wiener Strasse (B1): crosses the Flachgau parallel to the A1 in a west-east direction from the border crossing Little Walserberg about Salzburg and that Salzburg lake area to Straßwalchen, then on towards Linz and Vienna
- Wolfgangseestrasse (B158): leads from the city of Salzburg to the Salzburger Salzkammergut and further into Upper Austria Bad Ischl
- Lamprechtshausener Strasse (B 156): crosses the Flachgau from the city of Salzburg in a north-south direction (starts at the motorway exit Salzburg North; leads over Oberndorf near Salzburg continue after Braunau am Inn)
- Salzachtalstrasse (B159): crosses the Tennengau and the northern Pongau in a north-south direction; leads from Anif (motorway exit Salzburg South) to Bischofshofen
- Katschberg Street (B99): crosses the eastern Pongau and the Lungau; leads from Bischofshofen via Radstadt and the Radstädter Tauernpass to the Lungau and then via the Katschberg to Carinthia
- Pinzgauer Strasse (B311): crosses the Pongau and the lower Pinzgau in an east-west direction and the middle Pinzgau in a north-south direction; leads from Bischofshofen (Pongau node on the A10) to Zell am See and from there via Saalfelden to Lofer
- Mittersiller Strasse (B168): Crosses the upper Pinzgau in an east-west direction; leads from Zell am See to Mittersill and as an extension from there as Gerlosstrasse (B165) further to Krimml and after Tyrol
- Furthermore, some cross-connections, continuations and spur roads in the large Alpine valleys are also roads of this category. The main connecting roads for the regional rural area are roads of the category State road (L) and generally well developed.
By bicycle
The road network in the city of Salzburg is relatively generously equipped with cycle paths. The cycle path network there consists mainly of marked lanes on the lanes, cycle paths along the road and often shared footpaths and cycle paths. The signposting is done by means of green boards with destination and distance information.
- City bike: Rent a bike by the hour or by the day
In rural areas, there are mainly footpaths and cycle paths separated from the highways, where it is a question of the routing of long-distance cycle paths. Riding on pavements with bicycles in urban areas is rather unusual and is not particularly tolerated in cities.
- Cycle paths
For bicycle tourists there are several longer and shorter long-distance cycle paths and cycle routes in the state of Salzburg, which are often sponsored by private companies and are therefore named accordingly.
The following official long-distance cycle routes run through the state of Salzburg:
- Tauern bike path from Oberpinzgau always following the Salzach valley; Route variant from Zell am See via Saalfelden and the Small German Corner to Salzburg
- Bavarian Cycle Path:
- Mozart cycle path:
- Salt and Lakes Tour:
- Salzkammergut cycle path:
as well as several other bike paths
By train and bus
- Railway lines
- The Western Railway leads from Salzburg to Vienna. Larger stops in the state of Salzburg are Seekirchen am Wallersee and Steindorf near Straßwalchen, from where the one leading to Upper Austria Mattigtalbahn branches off. All stops to Straßwalchen are from line S2 of the S-Bahn Salzburg served.
- The Western Railway leads from Salzburg to Vienna. Larger stops in the state of Salzburg are Seekirchen am Wallersee and Steindorf near Straßwalchen, from where the one leading to Upper Austria Mattigtalbahn branches off. All stops to Straßwalchen are from line S2 of the S-Bahn Salzburg served.
- The private railway company of the same name also operates on the Westbahn in the direction of Vienna Western Railway, which is of interest to tourists insofar as their tariffs are based on the half prices of the ÖBB. All those who do not have an ÖBB discount card can thus travel much cheaper with long-distance trains Linz and Vienna drive. In the state of Salzburg there is only one terminus Salzburg main station.
- The Salzburg-Tyrolean Railway leads from Salzburg via Bischofshofen and Zell am See Worgl in Tyrol. In addition to regional express trains to Wörgl, there are also long-distance trains here Carinthia (to Schwarzach-St. Vitus) and into the Styria (to Bischofshofen). To Schwarzach-St. Vitus The S3 line of the Salzburg S-Bahn also operates.
- The Tauern Railway branches in Schwarzach-St. Vitus from the Salzburg-Tiroler-Bahn and leads into the Gastein Valley and then through the Tauern tunnel to Carinthia.
- In addition to these from the Austrian Federal Railways There are still two private lines operated by the Salzburg infrastructure company Salzburg AG operate:
- The Salzburg Local Railway leads from Salzburg main station to the north of the Flachgau Lamprechtshausen. In Bürmoos the line branches off to Upper Austria Easter rental from. The lines are part of the S-Bahn Salzburg as S1 and S11.
- The Pinzgauer local railway runs from Zell am See via Mittersill to Krimml in Oberpinzgau.
- Of interest to tourists is the historical one Schafbergbahn in the Salzkammergut in the municipality of St. Gilgen. However, the departure is from Upper Austria St. Wolfgang.
- Another tourist offer is the Murtalbahn from Tamsweg in Lungau to Unzmarkt in Styria.
- Post buses
- In the city of Salzburg, the central starting point of the bus lines is in front of the main train station. From there there are good connections in all important directions, even beyond the national borders. The rural area, including the side valleys of the Alps, is regularly served by buses, but the frequency is often low.
In the greater Salzburg area, the Salzburg S-Bahn and cross-border bus routes also offer connections to neighboring Bavaria.
In the federal state of Salzburg, the tariffs of the apply for city and regional bus services as well as local rail services Salzburg Transport Association (SVV).
Tourist Attractions
SalzburgerLand Card
The most suitable way to see the main attractions of the SalzburgerLand get to know the SalzburgerLand Card It offers entry to around 190 attractions throughout the state. Optionally you can see the sights of the city Salzburg or the Grossglockner High Alpine Road visit.
The SalzburgerLand Card includes the following attractions:
- Lakes and baths
- Castles and Palaces
- Museums and exhibitions
- Show mines
- Nature experiences
- Mountain railways
- Panoramic roads
- Railways and buses
- Sport and fun
- Wildlife and adventure parks
This all-inclusive card is available in a 6- and 12-day version and is available in all tourist information offices in SalzburgerLand and in selected hotels. The current prices you'll find here.
Castles and Palaces
Among the most famous buildings are
- 1 Fortress Hohensalzburg, Mönchsberg 34. E-mail: [email protected].
The landmark of Salzburg captivates with its beautiful silhouette that shapes the cityscape of Salzburg and is one of the largest and best-preserved castles in Europe. Erected in 1077, Hohensalzburg was expanded in the 15th century and turned into a late Gothic residence. After further renovations, the last large building was built in the 17th century, the mighty Kuenburg Bastion. Until 1803 the Hohensalzburg Fortress was the seat of the Archbishops, in 1861 it was abolished as a fortress by Emperor Franz Joseph, after which it served as a barracks for a while and is now accessible as a museum.
- 2 Hohenwerfen Castle, Burgstrasse 2. The architecturally remarkable building, once a fortified castle of the archbishop, is a worthwhile excursion destination: an interesting weapons exhibition as well as air shows of the state falconry await the visitor.
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- 3 Mirabell Castle, Mirabellplatz 3-4. In the center of Salzburg with beautifully landscaped gardens and inside the Raphael Donner staircase with marble statues and the marble hall.
- 4 Hellbrunn Palace, Fürstenweg 37 and others. The baroque architecture of Hellbrunn Palace in the south of the city of Salzburg is just as fascinating as the famous trick fountains and the “Mechanical Theater”. The water was a defining design element of the castle from the beginning - hidden in the green shade of bushes and trees or splashing lively from undreamt-of hiding places. Mysterious grottos, water-powered figures and treacherous spray fountains in every nook and cranny exposed the guests to a constant change of light and shadow or of horror and serenity. Today you can experience in almost unchanged form what once delighted the archbishops and his guests.
Sacred buildings
- 5 Salzburg Cathedral, Cathedral Square 1a.
- 6 Franciscan Church, in Salzburg.
- 7 Maria Plain. Pilgrimage site on the Plainberg in the north of Salzburg (municipality Bergheim).
Museums
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791) is a cultural icon of the city of Salzburg. Be Birthplace is now a museum, where you can visit his children's violin and letters from the Mozart family, among other things. You can also visit that Residential building of the Mozart family.
- 8 Museum of Modernism, in Salzburg.
The Museum der Moderne is at the two locations Museum der Moderne Rupertinum opposite the Festspielhaus and Museum der Moderne Mönchsberg Represented there with objects of recent fine art.
- 9 Cathedral quarter, in Salzburg. The Domquartier is an association of several art collections with the opportunity to visit the state rooms of the Salzburg Residence. The focus is on the Baroque era.
- 10 House of nature, in Salzburg. The House of Nature is a first-rate natural history museum with changing special exhibitions.
- 11 Salzburg open-air museum, in Grossgmain. The museum shows traditional architecture and way of life from the state and offers repeated shows and events.
natural beauties
- Grossglockner High Alpine Road. Alpine panorama road over the Großglockner im Hohe Tauern National Park to Carinthia; with particular scenic beauty.
- Eisriesenwelt. The Eisriesenwelt in Werfen is the largest ice cave in the world with a cave portal 20 m wide and 18 m high. The entire cave system extends for about 50 km, with only about 1 km being covered with ice. This part is open to the public.
- Krimml waterfalls. The Krimml Waterfalls in the Hohe Tauern National Park are the only natural monument in Austria with a European diploma. Three cataracts with a total fall height of 389 m (fifth highest falls in the world): "Upper Fall" 140 m, "Middle Achenfall" 100 m, "Lower Achenfall" over 140 m).
- 12 Salzach ovens, at the Pass Lueg (Local community Golling on the Salzach).
- 13 Gollinger waterfall
- 14 Liechtenstein Gorge
, Pongau. Gasteiner Ache gorge in the lower reaches.
regional customs
- Samson parades. The one in Lungau and the neighboring region is unique in Austria Styria native custom of carrying samson. Samson is a giant moving figure who is accompanied by a pair of dwarfs. The parades take place between May (from Corpus Christi day) to the first Sunday in October.
- Krampus run. Around St. Nicholas' Day on December 6th, a Krampus run takes place in some places. The Krampus is a creature with the most gruesome appearance possible. Several Krampuses form one passport. This includes a Santa Claus accompanied by one Guazl bearer and an angel. Such passes go from house to house with devilish screams and loud jingling of bells to reward good children and to punish badly. (Video example).
- Perchten: In the Rough nights can be seen in some places in Perchten, either as Schönperchten or less beautiful than Schiachperchten. The Perchten should drive out winter with their bells.
activities
Winter sports
Salzburg is a stronghold of alpine ski tourism in winter. There are numerous ski areas in the state:
- Ski circus Saalbach-Hinterglemm Leogang at Saalbach-Hinterglemm and Leogang - ski area with a distinctive party scene
- Ski Amadé includes several ski areas in Salzburg and Styria with a total of 270 lifts and 760 kilometers of slopes. Ski Amadé includes the following areas
- Salzburg Sports World with the ski areas Flachau, Wagrain, St. Johann-Alpendorf, Zauchensee-Flachauwinkl, Flachauwinkl-Kleinarl, Radstadt-Altenmarkt, Just, Filzmoos and Goldegg
- Gastein with Schlossalm and Stubnerkogel, Sportgastein and Graukogel
- Grossarltal With Grossarl and Dorfgastein
- Hochkönig with servants, Maria Alm and Mühlbach am Hochkönig
- Schladming-Dachstein: this ski area is largely located in Styria
- Kitzsteinhorn glacier ski area at Kaprun
- Lungau ski region - in the tariff association with Obertauern and Katschberg
- Reiteralm & Fageralm ski area at Schladming and Forstau
- Dachstein-West ski region
kitchen
nightlife
Naturally, there is a corresponding range of amusements and cultural events in the larger cities.
security
The following emergency numbers are available:
- Salvation 144
- Police 133
- Fire Department 122
- Gas emergency number 128
- Water rescue 144
- Cave Rescue 144
- Mountain Rescue 140
- Emergency doctor service 141
- Poisoning Information Center 01 406 43 43
- Emergency number for victims 0800 112 112
climate
- alpine climate
- Transitional climate
trips
literature
Web links
- Website of the State of Salzburg (State government)
- SalzburgerLand Tourismus GmbH (official national tourism organization)
- salzburg.eu, a presentation of the country
- salzburg.at, European region Salzburg
